Genetic diversity of Actinidia spp. shapes the oomycete pattern associated with Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS)

Mian, Giovanni; Cipriani, Guido; Firrao, Giuseppe; Martini, Marta; Ermacora, Paolo

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43754-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…KVDS epidemiological traits are still under investigation, and at present there are no effective methods of control to stop the disease quickly spreading worldwide ( Savian et al., 2022 ; Türkkan et al., 2022 ; Mian et al, 2022c ), although some experience exists ( Mian et al., 2023) . Biofumigation for controlling soilborne pests is an indispensable practice for achieving consistent crop quality and yields during the commercial production of many vegetable and high value crops with mainly narrow rotation systems ( Yu et al., 2019 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro application of Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa leaf extracts and associated metabolites reduces the growth of Oomycota species involved in Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Mian,

Zuiderduin,

Barnes

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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This study aimed to determine whether leaf extracts from seven Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa cultivars and their biochemically active compounds (glucosinolates and downstream-derived products) inhibit mycelia growth of three well-known pathogenic oomycetes, Phytopythium chamaehyphon, Phytopythium vexans and Phytophthora citrophthora; being the most significant in the development of Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS). Leaf extract quantity of 10, 20 and 30 mg were inoculated in Petri dish (90 mm Ø, each 22 mL of liquid medium – Potato Dextrose Agar), for in vitro bioassays. A pathogen plug was placed in the centre of each plate and the Oomycota colony perimeter was marked 5 days after inoculation. Radial colony growth was measured from 4 marks per plate 5, 10, and 15 days after inoculation, further elaborated with Image J software image analysis. Growth rates for all strains were inhibited by around 67% after 15 days. This was most pronounced when applying the highest concentration of leaf extract. By using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), fifteen glucosinolate compounds, of which glucosativin was found in the highest quantity, were identified. Concentrations of hydrolysis products produced by leaves (erucin and sativin) were also investigated, and were significantly associated with colony radial growth, especially towards Pp. chamaehyphon and Pp. vexans. Three downstream products of glucosinolates (two pure isothiocyanates, AITC and PEITC; and one indole I3C; all commonly present in Brassicaceae) were also tested, and a statistically significant inhibition of growth was observed at the highest concentration (0.6 µL).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro application of Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa leaf extracts and associated metabolites reduces the growth of Oomycota species involved in Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Mian,

Zuiderduin,

Barnes

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Integrated analyses of the plant and soil microbiome identify Phytopythium vexans as agent of the Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Mosca,

Aci,

Procopio

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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Background and aims The Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS) is a disease that is currently a challenge for kiwifruit production in Italy, and it is spreading in new production areas. However, the causal agent of this syndrome has not been clearly identified, and we still know little about the overall effects of KVDS on the interactions between the host plant and its microbiome. Methods In this study, we combined metabarcoding and targeted isolation (leaf baiting) to characterize the changes in the rhizosphere and root microbiomes associated with symptoms of KVDS. Results Our results suggest that KVDS has little impact on the bacterial, fungal, and oomycete communities associated with soil and roots, and we detected weak signatures of potential dysbiosis. On the other hand, we found a consistent association of the oomycete Phytopythium vexans with samples from plants symptomatic to KVDS, which matches the nucleotide sequences of the isolates obtained through baiting and, partially, the isolates from previous studies. Conclusion While our results support the idea that P. vexans might be the major candidate agent of KVDS, there are still several unanswered questions that need to be addressed before being able to provide effective solutions to this emerging challenge in kiwifruit production.

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Exploring the Influence of Soil Salinity on Microbiota Dynamics in Vitis vinifera cv. “Glera”: Insights into the Rhizosphere, Carposphere, and Yield Outcomes

Colautti,

Mian,

Tomasi

et al. 2024

Diversity

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In a world grappling with the severe effects induced by climate change, one of the most significant concerns affecting agriculture is the gradual decline in water quality for irrigation associated with reduced rainfalls and the consequent increase in soil salinity. This issue is particularly crucial for grapevine cultivation (Vitis vinifera L.) and the associated winemaking industry. The aroma of the resulting wines and the yield parameters can be influenced both directly by water quality and indirectly due to the effects exerted by salinity on the microbiota, which directly impacts plant health. To gain insights into this topic, our study aimed to analyse the changes induced in the microbiota of both the rhizosphere and the carposphere due to salt stress using a metabarcoding approach, focusing on Vitis vinifera cv. Glera. The control plants were irrigated with rainwater, while the treated plants were irrigated with water containing salt (NaCl). Our findings revealed significant differences in the microbiota (both fungi and bacteria) of the rhizosphere and carposphere between the two treatments. For instance, the Shannon diversity index (i.e., alpha diversity) was lower in the treated plants compared to the control not-treated ones, whilst the beta diversity did not show any differences. Several microbial phyla exhibited better resilience to this abiotic stress (e.g., Ascomycota, Saccharomycetes, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes), shedding light on their impact on crucial bacterial and fungal groups essential for the subsequent winemaking stages. Additionally, the salt stress negatively affected the yield parameters. This study contributes valuable insights to the viticultural community, providing a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between soil characteristics, microbial communities, and their influence on productivity.

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Genetic diversity of Actinidia spp. shapes the oomycete pattern associated with Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS)

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

In vitro application of Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa leaf extracts and associated metabolites reduces the growth of Oomycota species involved in Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

In vitro application of Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa leaf extracts and associated metabolites reduces the growth of Oomycota species involved in Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Integrated analyses of the plant and soil microbiome identify Phytopythium vexans as agent of the Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Exploring the Influence of Soil Salinity on Microbiota Dynamics in Vitis vinifera cv. “Glera”: Insights into the Rhizosphere, Carposphere, and Yield Outcomes

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