Genetic diversity in the trypanorhynch cestode Tentacularia coryphaenae Bosc, 1797: evidence for a cosmopolitan distribution and low host specificity in the teleost intermediate host

Abstract

Partial large subunit (28S) rRNA gene (LSU) sequences were studied from Tentacularia coryphaenae (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) plerocercoids from the southern Java coast, Indonesia, collected from two different localities and five different host species. The teleost hosts belonged to four fish families with an overlapping depth range of 0-885 m. The LSU sequences were identical, demonstrating that all specimens belonged to the same species. They also corresponded to a sequence of T. coryphaenae from the Blue shark Prionace glauca in the North Atlantic, giving genetic evidence for the cosmopolitan distribution of the species. A 1,851 bp region of mitochondrial (mt) DNA (coding for partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1), complete trnT and partial 16S ribosomal RNA) showed a very low level of intra-specific variation of 1%. Pairwise comparisons of published sequences for partial LSU rDNA and the same region of mtDNA demonstrated that the same regions varied by 8% in the mtDNA for two genotypes (G1 and G4) of Echinococcus granulosus (order Cyclophyllidea), at 16% in newly sequenced Kotorella pronosoma from the same trypanorhynch family and at 23% in Grillotia pristiophori from a different superfamily. The high genetic homogeneity in T. coryphaenae is explained by a constant gene flow between different regions and hosts along the Indonesian coast caused by extensive migrations of the second intermediate/paratenic and also the final hosts. Implications for the zoogeographical distribution, host specificity of the species and future research are discussed.

Molecular genotyping of Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea: Anisakidae) larvae from marine fish of Balinese and Javanese waters, Indonesia

“…Kellermanns et al (2007) suggested that a constant gene flow in different anisakid nematodes is caused by a) extensive final host migration in the case of A. simplex (s.s.), b) an overlapping distribution of final host populations along the continental shelves for Pseudoterranova decipiens (s.s.), and c) a low host specificity and large population size in the intermediate and final hosts for Hysterothylacium aduncum. Palm et al (2007) suggested d) extensive final as well as intermediate host migration as being responsible for a high gene flow in a cosmopolitan fish cestode, the trypanorhynch Tentacularia coryphaenae. A. typica, as a tropical anisakid, seems to follow the latter dispersal mechanism, being more similar to the trypanorhynch than to the congener A. simplex (s.s.), as can be seen in highly overlapping fish intermediate hosts in the tropics (Table 4 vs .…”

Trypanorhyncha cestodes of hygienic-sanitary importance infecting flounders Paralichthys patagonicus Jordan, 1889 and Xystreurys rasile (Jordan, 1891) of the Neotropical region, Brazil

“…Various aspects of Trypanorhyncha cestodes have been studied by some scientific researchers such as their morphological, taxonomic, and genetic diversity (Casado et al 1999;Justine et al 2012;Marques et al 2005;Palm 2008;Palm et al , 2007. The present study aims the identification of Trypanorhyncha cestodes parasitizing P. patagonicus and X. rasile, and their parasitological indices and sites of infection.…”

Grillotia erinaceus (van Beneden, 1858) (Cestoda:Trypanorhyncha) from whiting in the Black Sea, with observations on seasonality and host-parasite interrelationship

“…Whilst the adults are typically found in the stomach and intestine of sharks and rays, larval forms infect a wide variety of marine invertebrates and teleosts. Larval worms, especially, have low host specificity (Palm and Caira, 2008) and a wide zoogeographical, or even cosmopolitan, distribution (Palm 2004, Palm et al 2007. Being widely distributed from brackish waters into the deep sea, the highest species diversity of trypanorhynchs can be found in coastal tropical waters of the Indo-Australian region (Palm et al 2009).…”