Genetic diversity in Botrytis cinerea populations on vegetable crops in greenhouses in south‐eastern Spain

Abstract

Seventy-nine random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, of which 46 were polymorphic and 33 monomorphic, were used to determine the level of genetic diversity and to study the structure of populations of Botrytis cinerea in Almería, Spain. Sixty-five isolates were collected in the first survey (December 1992, at the beginning of the epidemic) from 23 commercial greenhouses of common winter crops in two regions, Levante and Poniente. In the second survey, conducted three months later at the end of the epidemic, 75 isolates were collected from 16 greenhouses in Poniente. The analysis of population structure revealed that genetic diversity within subpopulations sampled in the two surveys accounted for 98% of the total genetic diversity, while genetic diversity between subpopulations represented only 2% of the total diversity. The relative magnitude of gene differentiation between subpopulations, G ST , averaged 0·017. In the first survey, partition of genetic diversity into hierarchical components by greenhouses within regions showed that the within-greenhouse component of diversity was 93%, the betweengreenhouses, within-region component was 6%, and the between-regions component was 1%. Similar results were obtained when comparisons were made between greenhouses in the second survey or between populations of different countries: genetic diversity within subpopulations accounted for 95 and 96%, respectively, of the total genetic diversity. In all comparisons, values of G ST were higher than 0·01, ranging from 0·011 to 0·055. Analysis of likelihood ratio chi-square (G 2 ) statistics under the null hypothesis that frequencies of markers are similar between subpopulations showed that different markers contributed to the differentiation between subpopulations in each comparison. The relative importance of several evolutionary forces in populations of B. cinerea is discussed, together with implications for the management of grey mould.

Botrytis cinerea in raspberry in Serbia I: Morphological and molecular characterization

“…Our study of the biological traits of 130 isolates of B. cinerea, originating from six raspberry fields, revealed a great phenotypic variability of this species in raspberry, confirming previous findings in other host plants (Grindle, 1979;Di Lena et al, 1981;Faretra et al, 1988;Leone, 1990;Kerssies et al, 1997;Alfonso et al, 2000;Chardonnet et al, 2000;Yourman et al 2001;Baraldi et al, 2002;Vaczy et al, 2006;Decognet et al, 2007). Based on colony morphology on PDA medium, the isolates were sorted into eight groups, described by Martinez et al (2003).…”

Aggressiveness Changes in Populations of Didymella pinodes over Winter and Spring Pea Cropping Seasons

“…Indeed, the H= value in our study ranged from 0.70 to 0.83, whereas it ranged from 0.39 to 0.47 in D. pinodes populations collected from different locations in Algeria (59). Moreover, the H= value was closely similar to those obtained for fungi showing great genetic diversity, such as Ascochyta rabiei (H= ϭ 0.58 [60]), Mycosphaerella fijiensis (H= ϭ 0.58 [61]), or Botrytis cinerea (H= values ranging from 0.401 to 0.518 [62]). This change in the diversity level observed during the growing season reinforced the fact that sexual reproduction was important in the life cycle of D. pinodes, and the predominance of this mode of reproduction seemed to affect the previous population structure.…”

Characterization of Botrytis cinerea isolates from chickpea: DNA polymorphisms, cultural, morphological and virulence characteristics

“…Since the first report of Bergmans et al (1993) on cinerea using RAPD, this technique has the detection of high levels of genetic variation in B. been widely used to determine the variation in B. cinerea from different hosts and countries (Alfonso et al, 2000;Kerssies et al, 1997).…”