Genetic diversity in captive Yellow Cardinals (Gubernatrix cristata) from Southern Brazil: implications for the management and conservation of an endangered species

Bülau, Sandra Eloisa; Peçanha, Willian Thomaz; Martins-Ferreira, Claiton; Freitas, Thales Renato Ochotorena de

doi:10.1007/s10336-021-01857-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata is currently listed as an endangered species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (BirdLife International, 2018). This species of passerine bird, from the Thraupidae family (Barker et al, 2013), is endemic to the southern regions of South America (Ridgely and Tudor, 1989), including the south of Brazil (Beier and Fontana, 2019;Beier et al, 2017;Bülau et al, 2021), Uruguay (Azpiroz et al, 2012;Domínguez et al, 2017), and central Argentina, where the largest populations were found (Domínguez et al, 2020(Domínguez et al, , 2017. The global population is estimated to be between 1000 and 2000 mature individuals (BirdLife International, 2018), distributed in small and fragmented populations (Collar et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened yellow cardinals using neural networks

Bocaccio,

Domínguez,

Mahler

et al. 2023

Ecological Informatics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened yellow cardinals using neural networks

Bocaccio,

Domínguez,

Mahler

et al. 2023

Ecological Informatics

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Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened Yellow Cardinals using neural networks

Bocaccio

Domínguez

Mahler

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Audio-based analysis of bird songs has proven to be a valuable practice for the growth of knowledge in the fields of ethology and ecology. In recent years, machine learning techniques applied to audio field recordings of bird calls have yielded successful results in studying population distributions and identification of individuals for their monitoring in a variety of bird species. This offers promising possibilities in the study of social behavior, biodiversity, and conservation strategies for birds. In this work, we trained deep learning models, directly from the sonograms of audio field recordings, to investigate the statistical properties of vocalizations in the endangered Yellow Cardinal. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this approach has been applied to this threatened species. Our results indicate the presence of vocal signatures that reflect similarities in songs of individuals that inhabit the same region, determining dialects, but which also show differences between individuals. These differences can be exploited by a deep learning classifier to discriminate the bird identities through their songs. Models trained with data labeled by regions showed a good performance in the recognition of dialects with a mean accuracy of (0.84 +/- 0.04) significantly higher than accuracy obtained by chance. Precision and recall values also reflected the classifier's ability to find alike vocal patterns in the songs of neighboring individuals. Models trained with data labeled by individuals showed an accuracy of (0.63 +/- 0.03) significantly higher than that obtained by chance. However, the individual discrimination model showed greater confusion with neighboring individuals. This reflects a hierarchical structure in the characteristics of the Yellow Cardinal's vocalization, where the intra-individual variability is lower than the inter-individual variability, but it is even lower than the variability obtained when individuals inhabit different regions, providing evidence of the existence of dialects. This reinforces the results of previous works but also offers an automated method for characterizing cultural units within the species. Along with genetic data, this method could help better define management units, thereby benefiting the success of reintroduction programmes of recovered individuals of Yellow Cardinal. Moreover, the novelty of individual discrimination using neural networks for the Yellow Cardinal, which has limited data availability, shows promise for non-invasive acoustic monitoring strategies with potentially relevant implications for its conservation.

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Genetic diversity in captive Yellow Cardinals (Gubernatrix cristata) from Southern Brazil: implications for the management and conservation of an endangered species

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened yellow cardinals using neural networks

Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened yellow cardinals using neural networks

Identification of dialects and individuals of globally threatened Yellow Cardinals using neural networks

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