Genetic Diversity Assessment in Several Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars Using Microsatellite Markers

Abstract

In the present study, genetic diversity in seven cultivars of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) populations was evaluated using 10 microsatellite markers. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh leaves and amplification reactions were done by PCR. The amplification products were separated on 6% denaturing polyacrylamide gels containing 7M urea and visualized via silver staining method. High level of polymorphism was observed among populations. Polymorphic bands ranged from 100 to 300 bp. Altogether 65 alleles were observed among all genotypes, with an average of 9.2 alleles per locus for all loci. Polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 with an average of 0.84. 'Sahand' populations showed the lowest mean of gene diversity whereas the highest mean of heterozygosity observed in Rayhan populations that can prepare a powerful resource of genetic diversity for breeding programs. The genotypes were clustered using unweight pair-group method on arithmetic average by POPGEN32 software. The dendrogram discriminated all the genotypes in several groups. The results showed that SSR markers have a high ability to reveal most of the information in a single locus and can be used for genetic analysis in molecular levels determination of genetic similarity and clustering barley cultivars.

Genetic diversity and population structure analyses in barley (Hordeum vulgare) against corn-leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)

“…This accords with the previous values given by Nandha and Singh (2014), who reported PIC values ranging from 0.498 to 0.875 with an average of 0.760 in case of wild genotypes, while 0.180-0.880 PIC values averaging to 0.693 were found in case of cultivated genotypes. PIC values in a study carried out by Blori-Moghadam et al (2011) were quite high and ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 with an average of 0.84 for the 10 SSR markers used in the study. Similarly, PIC values by Maniruzzaman et al (2014) also averaged to 0.83 (0.73-0.87 range).…”

“…While, they reported 3.56 alleles per locus in wild and 3.31 alleles per locus in cultivated barley germplasm were generated by 16 EST-based SSR markers. A wide variety of alleles ranging from 2.81 alleles/locus, 8 alleles/locus and 9.28 alleles/locus have been detected by Chaabane et al (2009); Ferreira et al (2016) and Blori-Moghadam et al (2011), respectively. In the present report, PIC values varied from 0.57 (SSR28) to 0.88 (SSR27) with an average of 0.76 which indicates that the ten markers used were highly informative.…”

“…(2014) conducted polymorphism study in ten barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) genotypes using eight microsatellite (SSR) markers and divided the whole population into four distinct clusters. Further, Blori-Moghadam et al. (2011) assessed the genetic diversity in seven barley cultivars using 10 microsatellite markers and clustered them separately in 7 groups.…”

“…Maniruzzaman et al (2014) conducted polymorphism study in ten barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes using eight microsatellite (SSR) markers and divided the whole population into four distinct clusters. Further, Blori-Moghadam et al (2011) assessed the genetic diversity in seven barley cultivars using 10 microsatellite markers and clustered them separately in 7 groups. While in another study by Nandha and Singh (2014), 27 wild barley and 20 cultivated barley genotypes were grouped into two major clusters of similar genotypes based on the genetic similarity data of both genomic and EST-SSRs, created through UPGMA cluster analysis.…”

Hierarchical cluster analysis in barley genotypes to delineate genetic diversity

“…Also, it provides useful information about genetic diversity in crops. Cluster analysis had been used in widely different fields (Ibrahim et al, 2011).…”