Genetic diversity and relationship of global faba bean (Vicia faba L.) germplasm revealed by ISSR markers

Abstract

Genetic diversity and relationships of 802 faba bean (Vicia faba L.) landraces and varieties from different geographical locations of China and abroad were examined using ISSR markers. A total of 212 repeatable amplified bands were generated with 11 ISSR primers, of which 209 were polymorphic. Accessions from North China showed highest genetic diversity, while accessions from central China showed low level of diversity. Chinese spring faba bean germplasm was clearly separated from Chinese winter faba bean, based on principal component analysis and UPGMA clustering analysis. Winter accessions from Zhejiang (East China), Jiangxi (East China), Sichuan (Southwest China) and Guizhou (Southwest China) were quite distinct to that from other provinces in China. Great differentiation between Chinese accessions and those from rest of the world was shown with a UPGMA dendrogram. AMOVA analyses demonstrated large variation and differentiation within and among groups of accessions from China. As a continental geographic group, accessions from Europe were genetically closer to those from North Africa. Based on ISSR data, grouping results of accessions from Asia, Europe and Africa were obviously associated with their geographical origin. The overall results indicated that the genetic relationship of faba bean germplasm was closely associated with their geographical origin and their ecological habit.

Genetic variability analysis of faba bean accessions using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

“…Such results allow distinguishing that primers 848 and ISSR-2M, amplified 20 and 18 total bands and for both 100% were polymorphic, these are dinucleotides of (CA) anchored to tetra-and penta-nucleotides, these two primers and 866 are nucleotide sequences, still unreported by other researchers to amplify polymorphic bands in faba bean (Terzopoulos et al, 2004;Abdel-Razzak et al, 2012) had already assessed a similar (CA) 8G sequence in P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P8, P9 P7 P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P17, P18, P19, P34 P20 P23 P21, P22, P24, P25, Greece and Egypt, respectively. By contrast, Terzopoulos and Bebeli (2008), Alghamdi et al (2011), andWang et al (2012) assessing faba bean accessions from Greece, Saudi Arabia, and China, respectively, found higher polymorphism with primers of dinucleotide replications (AG) and (GA) anchored to mononucleotides and trinucleotides; sequences which were also detected in our materials but with fewer total bands. This suggests gene differences between the gathered material assessed in this study and those reported for faba bean cultivars in other countries; such a genetic difference can be attributed to the broad geographic separation there is between the materials.…”

“…This suggests gene differences between the gathered material assessed in this study and those reported for faba bean cultivars in other countries; such a genetic difference can be attributed to the broad geographic separation there is between the materials. So the primers rich in (CA) may be assessed with faba bean accessions from other continents in order to verify the gene similitude or difference and suggest possible phylogenetic relations, for according to Wang et al (2012), faba bean accessions from China have their origin in gene sources from Africa, Asia and Europe, while there are no reports about this for accessions from the American continent.…”

“…Cultivation of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is important because its high content of protein, ability to fix atmospheric N and improve soils, among others, is globally recognized and has been profusely documented (Maalouf et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). In Mexico, faba bean is cultivated in the High Valleys mainly in the states of Puebla, Mexico, Tlaxcala, Michoacan, and Hidalgo.…”

“…Using this sort of markers, Wang et al (2012) analyzed 802 faba bean accessions from China and other parts of the world, they found well-defined groupings of accessions according to the geographic region these accessions came from; AbdelRazzak agree et al (2012) studied 10 faba bean varieties from Egypt finding differences between cultivars; Alghamdi et al (2011) assessed 34 faba bean populations detecting variability related to the gathering sites; finally, Terzopoulos and Bebeli (2008) analyzed the genetic diversity of 20 local populations from the Mediterranean, finding high variation levels in them and at least two genetically different groups.…”

Genetic variability in Tunisian populations of faba bean (Vicia faba L. var. major) assessed by morphological and SSR markers

“…Morphological traits (Terzopoulos et al 2004;Yahia et al 2012), isozyme markers (Ouji et al 2011) and molecular markers such as RAPD (Link et al 1995), SSAP (Ouji et al 2012), AFLP (Zied et al 2003), SRAP (Alghamdi et al 2012), and ISSR (Wang et al 2012) have been used for detection of genetic diversity in faba bean germplasm. In the other hand, SSRs have been widely applied in plant genetics and breeding, because they are codominant, easy to score, and highly abundant.…”