Genetic diversity and population structure in Cary’s Beardtongue Penstemon caryi (Plantaginaceae), a rare plant endemic to the eastern Rocky Mountains of Wyoming and Montana

Stone, Benjamin W.; Ward, Alexander; Farenwald, Max; Lutz, Andrew; Wolfe, Andrea D.

doi:10.1007/s10592-019-01204-1

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Yet, a similar level of genetic diversity was detected in R. cyanocarpum (0.0702) ( Liu et al., 2020a ). These results generally support the view that some rare and endangered species can maintain high-level genetic diversity even at small population sizes ( Li et al., 2015 ; Stone et al., 2019 ; Liu et al., 2020a ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Population genetics of plants have long been assessed using molecular markers, including simple sequence repeat (SSR), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and expressed sequence tag SSR ( Yilmaz, 2016 ; Stone et al., 2019 ; Everaert et al., 2020 ; Wagutu et al., 2020 ). Recently, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) have become the markers of choice for determining population structure because they are abundant, stable in the genome, and can be accurately scored ( Deschamps et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic diversity and structure of Rhododendron meddianum, a plant species with extremely small populations

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Plant Diversity

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Rhododendron meddianum is a critically endangered species with important ornamental value and is also a plant species with extremely small populations. In this study, we used double digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD) technology to assess the genetic diversity, genetic structure and demographic history of the three extant populations of R. meddianum . Analysis of SNPs indicated that R. meddianum populations have a high genetic diversity (π = 0.0772 ± 0.0024, H E = 0.0742 ± 0.002). Both F ST values (0.1582–0.2388) and AMOVA showed a moderate genetic differentiation among the R. meddianum populations. Meanwhile, STRUCTURE, PCoA and NJ trees indicated that the R. meddianum samples were clustered into three distinct genetic groups. Using the stairway plot, we found that R. meddianum underwent a population bottleneck about 70,000 years ago. Furthermore, demographic models of R. meddianum and its relative, Rhododendron cyanocarpum , revealed that these species diverged about 3.05 (2.21–5.03) million years ago. This divergence may have been caused by environmental changes that occurred after the late Pliocene, e.g., the Asian winter monsoon intensified, leading to a drier climate. Based on these findings, we recommend that R. meddianum be conserved through in situ , ex situ approaches and that its seeds be collected for germplasm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and structure of Rhododendron meddianum, a plant species with extremely small populations

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Plant Diversity

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“…Species of Penstemon occupy a wide variety of ecological niches, with several examples of edaphic specialization (e.g., sand dunes, oil shales, and calcareous soils), although most species prefer semi-disturbed, xeric habitats (Wolfe et al 2006;Wolfe et al 2021). This tendency toward habitat specialization and the limited geographic distributions that often accompany it has resulted in conservation concerns for many Penstemon species (e.g., Wolfe et al 2014Wolfe et al , 2016Rodriguez-Peña et al 2018;Stone et al 2019Stone et al , 2020Zacarías-Correa et al 2020). Phylogenetic studies of Penstemon have revealed diversification patterns consistent with a rapid evolutionary radiation, including difficulty with estimating relationships between clades early in the evolutionary history of the genus, likely due to the effects of incomplete lineage sorting (Wolfe et al 2006;Wessinger et al 2016Wessinger et al , 2019, and an early, rapid burst in the rate of lineage diversification coincident with glacial activity during the Pleistocene (Wolfe et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronous rates of lineage, phenotype, and niche diversification in a continental-scale adaptive radiation

Stone

2021

Preprint

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Rapidly diversifying clades are central to the study of diversification dynamics. This central importance is perhaps most apparent when rapid evolution occurs across several axes of diversification (e.g., lineage, phenotype, and niche); such clades facilitate investigations into the interplay between adaptive and non-adaptive diversification mechanisms. Yet, empirical evidence from rapidly evolving clades remains unclear about the relationships, if any, across diversification axes. This is especially apparent regarding the timing of diversification rate shifts. We address this knowledge gap through comparisons of the rate and timing of lineage, phenotypic, and niche diversification in Penstemon, a rapidly-evolving angiosperm genus. We find that diversification rate shifts in Penstemon are asynchronous; while we identify a burst and subsequent slowdown in lineage diversification rate ~2.0-2.5 MYA, shifts in phenotypic and niche diversification rates either lagged behind temporally or did not occur at all. We posit that this asynchronicity in diversification rate shifts is the result of initial niche-neutral diversification followed by adaptive, density-dependent processes. Our findings contribute to a growing body of evidence that asynchronous shifts in diversification rates may be common and question the applicability of expectations for diversification dynamics across disparate empirical systems.

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“…Most of the species are restricted to narrow ranges, with about 1/3 of the species restricted to a single state in the United States or Mexico. Habitat specialization, combined with narrow geographic distribution, has resulted in conservation concerns for many species (Wolfe et al 2014(Wolfe et al , 2016Rodriguez-Peña et al 2018;Stone et al 2019;Zacarías-Correa et al 2020). Penstemon penlandii, P. haydenii, and P. debilis have been Federally listed as endangered or threatened under the US Endangered Species Act (USFWS 2011), with more than 90 species under consideration for protection (USFWS 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetics of a Rapid, Continental Radiation: Diversification, Biogeography, and Circumscription of the Beardtongues (Penstemon; Plantaginaceae)

Wolfe

Blischak

Kubatko

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Penstemon (Plantaginaceae), the largest genus of plants native to North America, represents a recent continental evolutionary radiation. We investigated patterns of diversification, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeography, and determined the age of the lineage using 43 nuclear gene loci. We also assessed the current taxonomic circumscription of the ca. 285 species by developing a phylogenetic taxonomic bootstrap method. Penstemon originated during the Pliocene/Pleistocene transition. Patterns of diversification and biogeography are associated with glaciation cycles during the Pleistocene, with the bulk of diversification occurring from 1.0-0.5 mya. The radiation across the North American continent tracks the advance and retreat of major and minor glaciation cycles during the past 2.5 million years with founder-event speciation contributing the most to diversification of Penstemon. Our taxonomic bootstrap analyses suggest the current circumscription of the genus is in need of revision. We propose rearrangement of subgenera, sections, and subsections based on our phylogenetic results. Given the young age and broad distribution of Penstemon across North America, it offers an excellent system for studying a rapid evolutionary radiation in a continental setting.

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Genetic diversity and population structure in Cary’s Beardtongue Penstemon caryi (Plantaginaceae), a rare plant endemic to the eastern Rocky Mountains of Wyoming and Montana

Cited by 13 publications

References 92 publications

Genetic diversity and structure of Rhododendron meddianum, a plant species with extremely small populations

Genetic diversity and structure of Rhododendron meddianum, a plant species with extremely small populations

Asynchronous rates of lineage, phenotype, and niche diversification in a continental-scale adaptive radiation

Phylogenetics of a Rapid, Continental Radiation: Diversification, Biogeography, and Circumscription of the Beardtongues (Penstemon; Plantaginaceae)

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