Genetic Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Worldwide Prairie Grass (Bromus catharticus Vahl) Accessions Using SRAP Markers

Abstract

Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus Vahl) is an important grass species that could be used in the production systems of certified seed and high-quality forage for grazing ruminants. In the present research, a sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker was employed to detect the genetic variability and structure of 80 prairie grass accessions from all over the world. Altogether, 460 reliable bands were amplified from 47 SRAP primer pairs with 345 (75%) polymorphic bands. The average values of discrimination power (DP) and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.753 and 0.317, respectively. Both the UPGMA clustering and PCoA analyses grouped the 80 accessions into five clusters, whereas the STRUCTURE analysis showed that 80 prairie grass accessions possessed three genetic memberships (K = 3). The results of the Mantel test showed that the distance matrix has a moderately positive correlation between the morphological and molecular data sets (r = 0.524). A poor genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.045) was discovered among the six geo-groups of accessions. Besides, the highest intragroup genetic diversity was found in the North America group (He = 0.335). This study provides a genetic structure and diversity case for prairie grass, and supplies new clues for the study and utilization of prairie grass.

Genetic diversity analysis and molecular characteristics of wild centipedegrass using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers

“…The reason for this result may be due to human factors, that is, the species resources in a certain area are brought to another place to grow, and then the gene exchange occurs, which is consistent with the research results of Elymus nutans ( Chen et al, 2009 ). Our AMOVA results showed a certain degree of genetic differentiation among different geographic populations (Fst = 0.115), which was higher than previous studies (0.0643) ( Susana et al, 2012 ), it is also higher than Yi et al (2021) in prairie grass species (0.045). Usually, genetic differentiation is caused by the lack of effective gene exchange.…”

“…It is widely acknowledged that the primer efficiency index represents the overall utility of a specific primer during the identification of many accessions; higher values are associated with higher efficiency and amount of information on primers. In this study, the average MI (1.85) and RP (5.40) values of primers were higher than the SRAP and EST-SSR markers in prairie grass (MI = 1.348, RP = 1.897 and MI = 0.67, RP = 1.14) ( Yi et al, 2021 ; Sun et al, 2021 ). Besides, the primer pairs M11E01 (MI = 4.58, RP = 9.91) and M11E09 (MI = 3.74, RP = 9.39) had the highest MI and RP values, indicating that these primers had high genetic identification values for centipedegrass germplasm.…”

Molecular Diversity in Populations of Chili (Capsicum Annuum L.)

“…The results of the marker index (MI) parameters were low, with the highest value of 0.0028 in me4-em4. In contrast, a higher MI value (2.314) using the same analysis on prairie grass Yi et al (2021), which may be due to the influence of the higher values of E and H av (Powell et al, 1996). The higher value of MI, the more information obtained from primers regarding the plant material (Medhi et al, 2014).…”

“…Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) is a PCR-based dominant marker technique. Known as better than common dominant markers like RAPD, AFLP, and ISSR markers, it offers the advantages, such as simplicity, low cost, versatility, and moderate codominance (Li and Quiros, 2001;Yi et al, 2021). The principle of SRAP focuses more on amplified coding region of open reading frames (ORF) of the genome, including two primers, a forward primer targeting GC-rich sequence on exons to ORF regions, and an AATT sequence in reverse primer to aim at AT-rich regions frequently on promoters, introns, and spacers (Li and Quiros, 2001;Robarts and Wolfe, 2014).…”

Improvement of the dielectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride/reduced graphene oxide composites via in‐situ ball milling assisted extensional flow field

“…There exist different flow fields in melt mixing device, including shear flow field and extensional flow field. It has been reported that the dispersion efficiency under the extensional flow is higher than that under the shear flow 19–21 when the deformation rate is equal. Moreover, although the introduction of HGBs into the polymer will reduce the dielectric constant of the composites slightly, 22–24 ball milling formed by HGBs is a well‐known effective way to break and disperse the fillers.…”