Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Olive Genetic Resources

Díez, Concepción M.; Moral, Juan; Barranco, D.; Rallo, L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25954-3_10

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In our collection, we obtained positive fixation indices at all SSR markers (except at locus UDO43), indicating a defect of heterozygosity in the collection. Díez et al (2016) described higher values of H o over H e and other authors have reported a defect of heterozygosity in olive, ascribing it to differences in plant samples and in the set of genetic markers ( Lumaret et al, 2004 ; Rugini et al, 2017 ), resulting in numerous null alleles ( Erre et al, 2010 ), exactly like in this study. In fact, even removing the loci with nulli allele frequencies >20, the heterozygosity remained at a low level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…We detected two migration events, which are consistent with gene flow that occurred between Syrian, Italian, and Maltese populations and allow to speculate about olive differentiation. The most well-substantiated hypothesis on the origin and spread of cultivated olive trees across the Mediterranean basin is based on the existence of three main genetic pools that match the geographical areas of West (namely Q1), Centre (Q2), and East (Q3) of the Mediterranean basin ( Díez et al, 2015 , 2016 ), where olive cultivation developed around 5,000 years ago ( Breton et al, 2009 ; Belaj et al, 2012 ; Besnard et al, 2013 ; Chalak et al, 2014 ). We suggested a probable scenario about the origin and spread of olive germplasm under study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the recovery of uncommon cultivars is pivotal for preserving the genetic biodiversity from the risk of erosion due to the extensive use of a few elite cultivars ( Boucheffa et al, 2017 ; Rugini et al, 2017 ). Recently, in different Mediterranean countries, regional projects on biodiversity have led to the establishment of olive germplasm collections for a proper and wide utilization ( Díez et al, 2016 ; Haouane et al, 2011 ; Muzzalupo, Vendramin & Chiappetta, 2014 ). This is the first step toward the definition of the role that a certain variety can play in the frame of a sustainable production through its direct use or in breeding programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic flow among olive populations within the Mediterranean basin

Rienzo

Sion

Taranto

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundThe olive tree is a typical crop of the Mediterranean basin where it shows a wide diversity, accounting for more than 2,600 cultivars. The ability to discriminate olive cultivars and determine their genetic variability is pivotal for an optimal exploitation of olive genetic resources.MethodsWe investigated the genetic diversity within 128 olive accessions belonging to four countries in the Mediterranean Basin (Italy, Algeria, Syria, and Malta), with the purpose of better understanding the origin and spread of the olive genotypes across Mediterranean Basin countries. Eleven highly polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used and proved to be very informative, producing a total of 179 alleles.ResultsCluster analysis distinguished three main groups according to their geographical origin, with the current sample of Maltese accessions included in the Italian group. Phylogenetic analysis further differentiated Italian and Maltese olive accessions, clarifying the intermediate position of Maltese accessions along the x/y-axes of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Model-based and neighbor clustering, PCoA, and migration analysis suggested the existence of two different gene pools (Algerian and Syrian) and that the genetic exchange occurred between the Syrian, Italian and Maltese populations.DiscussionThe close relationship between Syrian and Italian and Maltese olives was consistent with the historical domestication and migration of olive tree from the North Levant to eastern Mediterranean basin. This study lays the foundations for a better understanding of olive genetic diversity in the Mediterranean basin and represents a step toward an optimal conservation and exploitation of olive genetic resources.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic flow among olive populations within the Mediterranean basin

Rienzo

Sion

Taranto

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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“…Also in terms of their genotypic structure, these accessions displayed to have an admixed genetic background and showed a low membership value to the associated cultivar group. These accessions may probably represent new putative hybrid progenies or could be local ancient cultivars with somatic mutations raising intracultivar variation, as already reported for other olive genotypes (Banilas et al 2003;Baali-Cherif and Besnard 2005;Baldoni et al 2006;Belaj et al 2007Belaj et al , 2010Besnard et al 2013;Marra et al 2013;Díez et al 2016). Furthermore, not only these accessions revealed high levels of admixed haplotypes but also there were four accessions, designated as MON7, PAR3, TDB10 and VISF27, which represent novel and peculiar olive genotypes probably maintained through asexual propagation methods.…”

Section: First Evidences On the Origin And Spreading Of Veneto Olivessupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) markers represent one of the most popular marker systems for olive DNA genotyping, since they are highly informative, reproducible within and transferable among laboratories, and are thus ideal for developing fingerprinting studies (Baldoni et al 2009;Gomes et al 2009;Muzzalupo et al 2009;Haouane et al 2011). A great deal of research has been devoted to apply SSR markers for the characterization of olive trees accessions due to the high degree of polymorphism, co-dominant inheritance and simplicity of detection of a high number of marker alleles per locus (Ayed et al 2016;Díez et al 2016). In the past, some authors have tested a number of SSR markers on a number of cultivars grown in different regions in order to assess the distribution of variability, establish relationships among varietal populations, infer the origin of cultivars (Mackay et al 2008;Barazani et al 2014;Sakar et al 2016), allocating olive cultivars to their geographic population of origin (Sarri et al 2006;Díez et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venetian olive (Olea europaea) germplasm: disclosing the genetic identity of locally grown cultivars suited for typical extra virgin oil productions

Hmmam

Mariotti

Ruperti

et al. 2018

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most important tree crops of the Mediterranean regions. In spite of the increasing appreciation of typical extra virgin olive oils at world level, based on the use of local traditional varieties, very few studies have focused on the genetic characterisation of olive cultivars of regional interest, such as those grown in Veneto, a NorthEastern Italy region. A deep knowledge of the varieties cultivated in this territory is a key step to address the product quality, to increase market demand and to certify the origin of local olive oils. Here we have analyzed olive cultivars and cultivar groups within the olive cultivation area in Veneto, from the Garda Lake to the Euganean and Trevisan hills, by using discriminant SSR markers, in order to obtain a systematic genetic survey of the Veneto regional olive germplasm patrimony. A total of 203 previously uncharacterized olive samples were collected from ancient trees still grown by local farmers. The analyzed samples included also 36 olive reference cultivars from Veneto and neighbour Regions. We found 57 unique molecular profiles out of this set of olive accessions that were split into 15 cultivar groups corresponding to genetically distinct STRUCTURE clusters. Based on a common SSR database, our 239 Venetian accessions were compared with 280 olive reference genotypes representative of the Mediterranean cultivation area. From the genetic structure analysis, it has been observed that 80% of Venetian cultivars clustered in the central Mediterranean group, about 9% and 2% with the eastern and western varieties, respectively, and all the others resulted intermixed among two or three populations. We found that regionally the most common variety was ''Casaliva'', corresponding to the widely diffused cultivar ''Frantoio'', while others showed identity with known varieties grown in close regions, such as ''Leccino'', ''Miniol'', ''Capolga'' and ''Bianchera''. Besides these genotypes, others were not matching any known reference and therefore they could be classified as true local varieties of indigenous origin, possibly deriving from the hybridization and selection made by

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Somaclonal Variation in Olive

Sánchez-Romero

2024

Somaclonal Variation: Basic and Practical Aspects

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Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Olive Genetic Resources

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Genetic flow among olive populations within the Mediterranean basin

Genetic flow among olive populations within the Mediterranean basin

Venetian olive (Olea europaea) germplasm: disclosing the genetic identity of locally grown cultivars suited for typical extra virgin oil productions

Somaclonal Variation in Olive

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