Genetic Diversity Analysis with Morphological Traits on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Cold Tolerance Breeding

Abstract

Genetic diversity is one of the most important studies which provide general genetic component and background to understand the genetic architecture of the genotypes with respect to genetic relation and inheritance pattern and on the other hand help in pre-breeding work for the selection of appropriate genotype in the breeding programme. Looking to the breeding strategies, an experiment has been conducted during 2019-20 at the agricultural experimental farm (AEF), Narendrapur of IRDM Faculty Centre, RKMVERI, with 53 rice genotypes along with the reported cold tolerance rice varieties for nine quantitative morphological traits i.e. plant height, tiller per plant, panicle per plant, grain per panicle, panicle weight, panicle length, grain per panicle, grain length, grain breadth and test weight have been evaluated during the experiment with two replication and analyzed the data with the program GENES with the help, Mohalanobis D2 and Tocher’s methods. After analysis, found that the genotypes were in 13 genotypic groups and maximum genotypes (25) were IR36, Maharaja, ADT43, Khitish, IRBB60, Shyamla, BD11, R71, Hanahikaree, Ajaya, Radha, GB 2, K. Masuri, Sabita, IR72, CU48, MTU10, Lalat, Miniket, Dular, IRAT177, Sasarang, K335, Ketaki and DTCM1 found in cluster –I, genotypes (8), Hinohikari, Kinuhikari, Mirikikuin, SR5, K475, Setetaree, Haenchizen, Koshihari in cluster II, genotypes (6) J. Assam (w), K. Jeera, J. Assam, C. Moni, J. Bao and Jeera in cluster – III, 2 genotypes in cluster IV(Bhalum1 and Bhalum5), V (Gourab and Muktashree), VI (Lemont and R.-Bhagbati), and VII(Barhashal and Cypress) each and one genotypes in cluster VIII(Koshar), IX(Basmoti), X (Prasad), XI (Khasa), XII (Taruri Basmoti) and XIII (IR 64) in each. Therefore, looking to the genetic grouping/cluster and distance, crossing programme may be adopted for the better improvement of genotype with respect to cold tolerance and sensitivity response as well as genetic distance and group of the genotypes or respective genotype.