Genetic Diversity Analysis of Five Egyptian Buffalo Populations Using Microsatellite Markers

Abstract

For assessing the genetic diversity and genetic characterization of five Egyptian buffalo populations a total of 12 microsatellite markers were used. The total number of buffaloes sampled was 80, collected at random from five farms in five different governorates; Cairo, Kafr El-Sheikh, Shebeen El-Kom, Menoufia, and Beni Suef. The genetic parameters (allelic diversity, allelic frequencies, observed heterozygosity, unbiased expected heterozygosity, and polymorphic information content) were calculated using three different programs. All used microsatellites were polymorphic and ranged from four alleles (Loci; CSSM029, CSSM036, CSSM038, CSSM043, CSSM046, and ILSTS005) to nine alleles (Loci; BM1818 and CSSM047) with a total of 64 alleles in the whole population. Allelic richness for the whole population ranged between 3.297 (in locus CSSM029) and 6.806 (in locus CSSM047) with overall mean 4.574. Within populations, Kafr El-Sheikh population had the highest average of allelic richness (4.384). This indicates the potential of this population to adapt with environmental changes in future compared with other populations. BMC1013, BM1818, CSSM019, and CSSM047 showed the highest allelic richness. PIC estimates were high and ranged between 0.65 (in locus CSSM029) and 0.92 (in locus CSSM022) with an average of 0.82. Values of H o were lower than values of H Nb for all populations, which denoting depression of heterozygotes in these populations and may be attributable to existence of null alleles and inbreeding. This study as well proves the usefulness of heterologous bovine microsatellite markers in evaluation of the genetic variability in Egyptian buffalo populations due to high polymorphism, informativeness of these markers which can be used to develop future breeding strategies and conservation decisions on our indigenous breed.

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Structure of Turkish Water Buffalo Population by Using 20 Microsatellite Markers

“…PIC value is a parameter indicative of the degree of in formativeness of a microsatellite, may range from 0 to 1. PIC values calculated in this study were comparable with those revealed by Popa et al [ 58 ] in the Romanian buffalo population (0.4335–0.632), Saputra et al [ 53 ] in the Indonesian swamp buffalo population (0.360–0.740), Merdan et al [ 64 ] in five Egyptian buffalo populations (0.65–0.92), Darestani et al [ 59 ] in Iranian indigenous buffalo populations (0.33–0.86), Uffo et al [ 36 ] in Cuban water buffalo populations (0.169–0.809), Marrero et al [ 56 ] in Cuban and Brazilian buffaloes (0.321–0.703), Unal et al [ 12 ] in Turkish water buffalo population (0.14–0.82), Acosta et al [ 57 ] in Cuban water buffalo population (0.201–0.777), Jaayid and Dragh [ 61 ] in Iraqi buffalo population (0.11–0.80) and by Ángel-Marín et al [ 10 ] in Colombian water buffalo herds (0.43–0.81). Moreover, results of many studies on Indian and Guilan buffalo breeds revealed also high values of PIC (0.52–0.88) for most studied markers [ 14 , 15 , 65 , 66 ].…”

Whole-Genome-Based Web Genomic Resource for Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

“…Highly variable SSR markers extracted in the present study could be utilized to find genetic diversity ( Barker et al, 1997 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). The SSR markers from different breeds could be used to find polymorphic SSRs ( Moore et al, 1995 ) and their utilization in the study of genetic diversity of respective breeds ( Moioli et al, 2001 ; Merdan et al, 2019 ; Vohra et al, 2021 ; Ünal et al, 2021 ). We also extracted ∼270000 polymorphic SSRs in the Mediterranean buffalo breed with respect to Murrah, Bangladesh, Jaffrabadi, and Egyptian breeds.…”