Genetic Diversity Among some of Rice Genotypes under Water Shortage

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in strip plot design with three replications to evaluate 14rice genotypes under normal and water deficit in the field and biotechnology lab of Rice research and Training Center at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Sakha, Kafr EL-Sheikh Egypt, during2021 and 2022summer seasons. Results revealed a wide variation among rice genotypes and their parents for agronomical characteristics and SSR markers. Data showed that days to maturity, plant height, Flag leaf area, number of panicle-1 , Panicle length, number of filled and unfilled grains panicles-1 as well as grain yield t ha-1 were significantly affected by irrigation treatments. Grain yield was affected significantly according to the genotypes and irrigation treatments. The combination between Egyptian Yasmin with normal irrigation produced the highest values of grain yield with the lowest percentage(14.58%) of yield reduction compared to its production under water deficit conditions. While, the lowest values of grain yield were obtained with Nerica7 (V2) under water shortage conditions with the highest percentage(33.63%) of yield reduction compared to its production under normal irrigation. Fifty SSR markers were used for estimating the genetic variation among the 14rice genotypes. Rice genotypes were divided into two main groups based on the polymorphism revealed by the SSR markers. The first group has the aromatic genotype, Egyptian yasmine and the promising newly developed genotype No.2. While, the second main group has the other tested rice genotypes, NERICA7 and the other genotypes. The data indicated that phenotypic variance was generally superior than genotypic variance for all studied traits.

Giza 183 Egyptian rice variety: a step to confront climate change challenges

“…However, the reduction in grain yield as affected by water stress conditions may be due to the reduction in dry matter production, number of panicles -1 and number of filled grains panicle -1 . A similar trend was found by Gewaily et al (2019) and Sedeek et al (2022). Rice crop production has significant challenges from salt dangers.…”

“…Giza 183 is suitable to mechanization harvest due to its short stature compared to Sakha 104 and Sakha 102. Sedeek et al (2022) reported that the reduction in plant height may be due to reduction in cell turgor which induces reduction in cell enlargement, and turn into decreases shoots enlargement and plant height. The study of interaction infection resulted that Giza 183 could easily have performed better under continuous flooding, continuous saturation and cyclic irrigation every 5 days and the reduction in grain yield with prolonging irrigation every 10 and 15 days were (9.83, 9.50, 8.47 and 8.50 t/ha) in both seasons of study, respectively (Table 6).…”

Studies on Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield, Its Components and Some Grain Quality Traits in Rice Using Line X Tester Under Normal and Water Deficit

“…About onethird of total cultivated area is exposed to water shortage annually in Egypt Abdallah et al, (2016). Hence, irrigation water is the most limiting factor for expanding rice cultivation area in Egypt Sedeek et al, (2022) and Shehab et al, (2023).…”

“…Low water availability is one of the major causes for crop yield reductions affecting the majority of the farmed regions around the world El-Agoury et al, (2023). As water resources for agronomic uses become more limiting, the development of drought-tolerant lines becomes increasingly more important Daher (2018), Sedeek et al, (2022) and Shehab et al, (2023).…”