Genetic divergence between two phenotypically distinct bottlenose dolphin ecotypes suggests separate evolutionary trajectories

Fruet, Pedro F.; Secchi, Eduardo R.; Tullio, Juliana C. Di; Simões-Lopes, Paulo César; Daura‐Jorge, Fábio G.; Costa, Ana P. B.; Vermeulen, Els; Flores, Paulo A. C.; Genoves, Rodrigo Cézar; Laporta, Paula; Beheregaray, Luciano B.; Möller, Luciana M.

doi:10.1002/ece3.3335

Cited by 41 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This plasticity, resulting from the environmental variability, can be an important factor in evolutionary diversification, because it plays a significant role in the relationships among divergent selection, adaptive divergence, and gene flow (Crispo, 2008;Nosil et al, 2009). (Fruet et al, 2017;Lu, Wang, Li, & Liu, 2016;Nosil, 2007;Spurgin, Illera, Jorgensen, Dawson, & Richardson, 2014).…”

Section: Morphologic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In continuous populations, recurrent processes, such as gene flow, genetic drift, and selection, act in concert to shape the genetic structure (Latta, 2003;Lenormand, 2002). Fine-scale genetic differentiation has often been reported in other plant populations, mammals, fishes, and insects (Dewoody et al, 2015;Fruet et al, 2017;Nosil, 2007;Vekemans & Hardy, 2004), even under substantial gene flow, suggesting that strong selective pressure promotes local adaptation at small scale in heterogeneous landscapes (Linhart & Grant, 1996;Parisod & Christin, 2008).…”

Section: Local Genetic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short‐distance barriers affect genetic variability of Rhizophora mangle L. in the Yucatan Peninsula

Cruz

Martínez-Castillo

Herrera-Silveira

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The environmental variability at local scale results in different physiognomic types of mangrove forest. However, this variability has never been considered in studies of mangrove genetic variability. This study analyzed the genetic and morphological variability and structure of Rhizophora mangle at regional and local scales in the Yucatan Peninsula. Thirteen mangrove populations (eight scrub and five tall), located in seven sites, were sampled, and their morphological variability and relationship with the availability of phosphorus and salinity were analyzed. The diversity and genetic structure were estimated at different hierarchical levels with nine microsatellites, also Bayesian inference and Principal Coordinates Analysis were used. We found a great morphological variability of R. mangle that responded to local environmental variability and not to the precipitation gradient of the peninsula. The genetic diversity found in the peninsula was greater than that reported for other populations in Mexico and was grouped into two regions: the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. At a local scale, tall and scrub mangroves had significant genetic differentiation suggesting that ecological barriers promote genetic differentiation within sites. These results need to be considered in future population genetic studies and for mangrove management and conservation.

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Section: Morphologic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Genetic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐distance barriers affect genetic variability of Rhizophora mangle L. in the Yucatan Peninsula

Cruz

Martínez-Castillo

Herrera-Silveira

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…More recently, Fruet et al (2017) biopsied common bottlenose dolphins in coastal and offshore waters of the wSAO, including coastal dolphins off the northern coast of Argentina. Genetic analyses using the mtDNA control region and 11 microsatellite loci demonstrated that all the dolphins biopsied in offshore waters clustered separately from those biopsied in coastal waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottlenose dolphin ecotypes of the western South Atlantic: the puzzle of habitats, coloration patterns and dorsal fin shapes

Simões‐Lopes¹,

Daura‐Jorge²,

Lodi³

et al. 2019

Aquat. Biol.

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Phenotypic variations occur in several cetacean species, including common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, which can also be distinguished as coastal and offshore ecotypes. In the western South Atlantic, these ecotypes have been described based on skeletal morphology and genetics. However, there is still no clear description to recognize them in the field. Here we searched for external diagnostic patterns that may facilitate their visual distinction and investigated their habitat use. We examined dorsal fin shapes and coloration of photo-identified dolphins distributed in a wide geographic range off the coast of southern and southeastern Brazil. A strong differentiation in the dorsal fin shape was observed, with a more falcate shape for offshore dolphins. We also found that offshore individuals have a darker color pattern, while coastal dolphins show 2 wider striped bands at the throat region and a longer rostrum, revealing that the ecotypes can be well distinguished in the field. We also detected differential habitat use. The coastal ecotype inhabits shallow waters (up to 18 m deep) close to the shore (up to 3 km). The offshore ecotype has a wider distribution and more flexible habitat use. It was usually found in coastal and deeper waters (maximum depth of 758 m and > 200 km from the coast). Although we observed a small area of overlap in the distribution of the 2 ecotypes, both forms were not seen together. Therefore, our results reinforce the presence of a parapatric distribution and distinct morphology between the ecotypes, supporting their prior description as different subspecies.

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“…Bottlenose dolphins from subtropical coastal waters of the western South Atlantic hold unique morphological and genetic characteristics compared to their offshore counterparts (Costa, Rosel, Daura-Jorge, & Simões-Lopes, 2016;Fruet et al, 2017;Wickert, Eye, Oliveira, & Moreno, 2016). These dolphins were recently recognized as a new dolphin subspecies, the Lahille's bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus gephyreus (Committee on Taxonomy, 2017) (although these characteristics have been argued to be indicative of species-level differences by some authors; Wickert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These dolphins were recently recognized as a new dolphin subspecies, the Lahille's bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus gephyreus (Committee on Taxonomy, 2017) (although these characteristics have been argued to be indicative of species-level differences by some authors; Wickert et al, 2016). Some populations of the Lahille's bottlenose dolphins have also been proposed as discrete management units, such as in the Patos Lagoon Estuary (PLE) and adjacent coastal waters (Fruet et al, 2014(Fruet et al, , 2017. Recent markrecapture studies using photo-identification (photo-ID) to individually recognize dolphins through natural marks on their dorsal fins have demonstrated that a small, relatively stable, resident population of ~87 individuals inhabit the sheltered waters of the PLE in southern Brazil (Fruet, Daura-Jorge, Möller, Genoves, & Secchi, 2015a;Fruet, Secchi, Tullio, & Kinas, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal use predicts social partitioning of bottlenose dolphins with strong home range overlap

Genoves

Fruet

Tullio

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Ranging behaviour and temporal patterns of individuals are known to be fundamental sources of variation in social networks. Spatiotemporal dynamics can both provide and inhibit opportunities for individuals to associate, and should therefore be considered in social analysis. This study investigated the social structure of a Lahille's bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus gephyreus) population, which shows different spatiotemporal patterns of use and gregariousness between individuals. For this, we constructed an initial social network using association indices corrected for gregariousness and then uncovered affiliations from this social network using generalized affiliation indices. The association‐based social network strongly supported that this dolphin population consists of four social units highly correlated to spatiotemporal use patterns. Excluding the effects of gregariousness and spatiotemporal patterns, the affiliation‐based social network suggested an additional two social units. Although the affiliation‐based social units shared a large part of their core areas, space and/or time use by individuals of the different units were generally distinct. Four of the units were strongly associated with both estuarine and shallow coastal areas, while the other two units were restricted to shallow coastal waters to the south (SC) and north of the estuary (NC), respectively. Interactions between individuals of different social units also occurred, but dolphins from the NC were relatively more isolated and mainly connected to SC dolphins. From a conservation management perspective, it is recommended that information about the dolphin social units should be incorporated in modeling intrapopulation dynamics and viability, as well as for investigating patterns of gene flow among them.

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Genetic divergence between two phenotypically distinct bottlenose dolphin ecotypes suggests separate evolutionary trajectories

Cited by 41 publications

References 70 publications

Short‐distance barriers affect genetic variability of Rhizophora mangle L. in the Yucatan Peninsula

Short‐distance barriers affect genetic variability of Rhizophora mangle L. in the Yucatan Peninsula

Bottlenose dolphin ecotypes of the western South Atlantic: the puzzle of habitats, coloration patterns and dorsal fin shapes

Spatiotemporal use predicts social partitioning of bottlenose dolphins with strong home range overlap

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