“…The status of C. banksianae as a species has been questioned and further biological studies were suggested to confirm its validity (Wood, 1982). Recent studies of the life history of C. banksianae (de Groot & Borden, 1991), chromosome number and morphology (de Groot & Ennis, 1990), allozymes (de Groot et al, 1992), genitalia and pheromones (de Groot, 1991), geographic distribution and ecology (de Groot, 1992), and cuticular hydrocarbons (Page et al, 1990), failed to find a single taxonomic character (sensu Mayr, 1969) to confirm the validity of C. banksianae, and in so doing, support the synonymy suggested by Wood (1989). However the studies of McPherson et al (1970b) and Mattson (1989) indicate that the two sibling species differ in host specificity and the manner in which they accept pine shoots.…”