Genetic distinctiveness of the Waikawa Island mouse population indicates low rate of dispersal from mainland New Zealand

Bradley, Ellie L.; Trewick, Steven A.; Morgan‐Richards, Mary

doi:10.20417/nzjecol.41.21

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Comparison of allele frequencies can therefore distinguish among populations and reveal the pattern and extent of dispersal (gene flow) (e.g. in rodents Fewster et al 2011 ; Bradley et al 2017 ; Russell et al 2019 ; Richardson et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic detection of barriers to rat dispersal: Rattus rattus behind a peninsula predator-proof fence

2023

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Clear delimitation of management units is essential for effective management of invasive species. Analysis of population genetic structure of target species can improve identification and interpretation of natural and artificial barriers to dispersal. In Aotearoa New Zealand where the introduced ship rat (Rattus rattus) is a major threat to native biodiversity, effective suppression of pest numbers requires removal and limitation of reinvasion from outside the managed population. We contrasted population genetic structure in rat populations over a wide scale without known barriers, with structure over a fine scale with potential barriers to dispersal. MtDNA D-loop sequences and microsatellite genotypes resolved little genetic structure in southern North Island population samples of ship rat 100 km apart. In contrast, samples from major islands differed significantly for both mtDNA and nuclear markers. We also compared ship rats collected within a small peninsula reserve bounded by sea, suburbs and, more recently, a predator fence with rats in the surrounding forest. Here, mtDNA did not differ but genotypes from 14 nuclear loci were sufficient to distinguish the fenced population. This suggests that natural (sea) and artificial barriers (town, fence) are effectively limiting gene flow among ship rat populations over the short distance (~ 500 m) between the peninsula reserve and surrounding forest. The effectiveness of the fence alone is not clear given it is a recent feature and no historical samples exist; resampling population genetic diversity over time will improve understanding. Nonetheless, the current genetic isolation of the fenced rat population suggests that rat eradication is a sensible management option given that reinvasion appears to be limited and could probably be managed with a biosecurity programme.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic detection of barriers to rat dispersal: Rattus rattus behind a peninsula predator-proof fence

2023

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“…Alternatively, populations that are structurally divergent, for example in color or size, can be conspecific with mainland populations, the differences reflecting founder effects and local selection [ 6 ]. Although determining the reproductive compatibility and taxonomic status of allopatric populations is challenging, genetic comparisons of island and mainland populations can provide clues to evolutionary relationships and the extent of divergence [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation in a colonization specialist, Simulium ruficorne (Diptera: Simuliidae), the world’s most widely distributed black fly

Cherairia

Adler

2018

PLoS ONE

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The ability of aquatic insects to colonize Earth’s most remote freshwater habitats, such as those of islands and deserts, is limited to select taxa. Among black flies, the premiere colonization specialist is Simulium ruficorne Macquart, the only species known from both the Afrotropical and Palearctic regions. We investigated the cytogenetics of S. ruficorne to gain insight into its wide geographic distribution and ability to colonize oceanic islands and deserts. On the basis of larval polytene chromosomes from 14 locations, we documented 17 novel and previously known chromosomal rearrangements and established five cytoforms (A1, A2, B, C, and D), of which probably four (A1/A2, B, C, and D) are distinct species and two (A1 and A2) represent sex-chromosome polymorphism involving a heteroband in the long arm of chromosome III. The chromosome restructuring phenomena associated with the five cytoforms are consistent with the trend in the Simuliidae that one and the same rearrangement can assume different functions in the various descendants of a common ancestor in which the rearrangement was polymorphic. The most widely distributed cytoforms are A1 and A2, which are found in North Africa, the Canary Islands, and Majorca. Simulium ruficorne, the only known black fly in the Hoggar Mountains of the central Sahara Desert, represents a cohesive population of cytoform A1 little differentiated from other North African populations of A1 and A2. Cytoform B inhabits the West African mainland, cytoform C is on Tenerife, and cytoform D is on Cape Verde. We suggest that dispersal and colonization specialists, such as S. ruficorne, are multivoltine inhabitants of temporary streams, and must relocate as their habitats deteriorate. Simulium ruficorne, therefore, should have adaptations that contribute to successful dispersal and colonization, perhaps largely physiological in nature, such as tolerance of high temperatures and droughts.

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Genetic distinctiveness of the Waikawa Island mouse population indicates low rate of dispersal from mainland New Zealand

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Genotypic detection of barriers to rat dispersal: Rattus rattus behind a peninsula predator-proof fence

Genotypic detection of barriers to rat dispersal: Rattus rattus behind a peninsula predator-proof fence

Genetic variation in a colonization specialist, Simulium ruficorne (Diptera: Simuliidae), the world’s most widely distributed black fly

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