Genetic determination and enzymatic induction of tyrosinase in Neurospora

Horowitz, N. H.; Fling, Marguerite; Macleod, Helen; Sueoka, Noboru

doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(60)80031-9

Cited by 102 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The non-production of protoperithecia at 30" by Neurospora crassa A4A in contrast to A12a and the Lindegren wild-type strains parallels the report by Horowitz & Fling (1953) that A4A did not produce tyrosinase a t 35" whereas L25a and A12a did. The report by Hirsch (1954) showing a correlation between the appearance of tyrosinase and protoperithecial formation suggests that the correlation above may have some significance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…It was then realized that conidia of 44a stored a t 4' for 8 months had been used, whereas in all previous experiments conidia stored a t 4' only for a short while had been used. Horowitz & Fling (1953) during the investigation of the inheritance of tyrosinase production in Neurospora crassa a t 35' observed that 'the initial classification of a culture changed when the test was repeated a t a later date suggesting that uncontrolled physiological factors are important in the expression of this character in some strains '. The possible correlation between tyrosinase activity and protoperithecial production to be discussed later suggests that the anomalous results from 44a may have been due to the operation of similar physiological factors.…”

Section: Temperature and Perithecial Production 39mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Temperature on the Production of Perithecia by Neurospora crassa

McNelly-Ingle¹,

Frost

1965

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe wild-type strains of Neurospora crmsa first isolated by Dodge, Abbott & Chilton were found to differ in the range of temperatures over which protoperithecia were produced; similar results were obtained with two recently isolated wild strains of a species of Neurospora. The ability to develop protoperithecia a t 30' was found to be controlled by at least two genes in reciprocal crosses between two wild types differing in this character. A correlation of these observations with the reported features of tyrosinase production is discussed. Certain mutant strains backcrossed repeatedly to a wild-type strain gave exceptional results at 30". Preliminary observations suggest that the part played by nicotinamide in the sexual cycle may be connected with some of these exceptions. Temperature did not obviously affect ascus development in outbred crosses between Lindegren and Abbott wild-type strains. With inbred crosses ascus development was controlled by several factors which were temperature sensitive and differed in degree of effect in reciprocal crosses. In most strains tested 20' was the optimum temperature for normal ascus development. At higher temperatures gross abnormalities were observed including asci with more than eight spores.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Temperature and Perithecial Production 39mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Temperature on the Production of Perithecia by Neurospora crassa

McNelly-Ingle¹,

Frost

1965

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Mutations affecting the female sexual cycle in fungi have been described previously, especially in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa (Dodge, 1935 ;Horowitz et al, 1960;Johnson, 1978;Mylik & Threlkeld, 1974;Srb et al, 1973;Tan & Ho, 1970). Mutations inhibiting protoperithecium formation have also been reported in Podospora anserina (Esser, 1968 ;Belcour, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Pleiotropic Mutation Affecting Protoperithecium Formation and Ascospore Outgrowth in Podospora anserina

Labarère

Bernet

1979

Journal of General Microbiology

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A mutation designated modD, which was selected on the basis of the suppression of selflysis, produced a decrease in the density of protoperithecia and a deficiency in ascospore outgrowth at 26 "C. Strains carrying the mutation were wild-type at 32 "C. Incubation of mutant ascospores revealed two abnormalities. First, the induction of ascospore outgrowth occurred only under a restricted range of conditions. Outgrowth of wild-type spores was normal down to 8 "C in a standard germination medium and could also be initiated in a non-germinating medium by the addition of actinomycin D or 5-fluorouracil. Mutant ascospores did not exhibit outgrowth in the presence of these two drugs or in a standard germination medium below 20 "C. The second defect was the death of SO./, of mutant ascospores when they were incubated in germination medium at 26 "C. This killing was suppressed by /?-phenylpyruvic acid, a protease inhibitor, and by a mutation (rnodC) which suppresses the lytic proteases associated with protoplasmic incompatibility and self-lysis. The killing of mutant spores was also suppressed by cycloheximide but was unaffected by actinomycin D and 5-fluorouracil. I N T R O D U C T I O NMutations affecting the female sexual cycle in fungi have been described previously, especially in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa (Dodge, 1935 ;Horowitz et al., 1960;Johnson, 1978;Mylik & Threlkeld, 1974;Srb et al., 1973;Tan & Ho, 1970). Mutations inhibiting protoperithecium formation have also been reported in Podospora anserina (Esser, 1968 ;Belcour, 1971).We have investigated mutations in P. anserina which were selected on the basis of the suppression of self-lysis and which also restrict female organ formation (Boucherie & Bernet, 1974). These mutations inhibit the formation of the specific proteases associated with cell destruction (Boucherie et al., 1976a; Labarkre & Bernet, 1977, 1978. In the present paper, we describe a thermosensitive mutation, selected on the same physiological basis, which affects both protoperithecium formation and ascospore germination. METHODSOrganism. Podospora anserina is a heterothallic ascomycete whose life cycle closely resembles that of Neurospora crassa. Asci contain four binucleate spores that include the two products of a half tetrad. As a result of post-reduction these spores provide the heterokaryotic strains used for dominance and complementation tests. In about 5 % of asci, one binucleate spore is replaced by two uninucleate spores. These give rise to the homokaryotic self-sterile (+ cr -) strains used to perform appropriate crosses and for F1 genetic analysis. For details, see Esser (1974).Origin of the modD mutation. Mod mutations are selected by growth restoration of 'self-lysing' strains. In self-lysing strains, growth stops early in development and cells lyse as a result of either non-allelic incompatibility genes (for instance C and E or Vand R) or a recessive mutation in the genes ZysA or ZysB (Bernet, 1965; 0022-1287/79/oooO-8221 $02.00 @ 1979 SGM

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“…Differences between allelic mutants may result from the production of enzymes altered to different extents (Giles, Partridge and Nelson, 1957;Yanofsky and Crawford, 1959*;Pateman and Fincham, 1958). In some cases such mutant proteins are strongly affected by environmental conditions, as temperature or ion concentration (Horowitz and Fling, 1953 ;Maasand Davis, 1952). Suppressor mutations are useful in discriminating between different alleles, since they can restore the enzymatic activity of some mutants only (Yanofsky and Bonner, 1955).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of tryptophan pyrrolase in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis

Baglioni

1960

Heredity

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Genetic determination and enzymatic induction of tyrosinase in Neurospora

Cited by 102 publications

References 7 publications

The Effect of Temperature on the Production of Perithecia by Neurospora crassa

The Effect of Temperature on the Production of Perithecia by Neurospora crassa

A Pleiotropic Mutation Affecting Protoperithecium Formation and Ascospore Outgrowth in Podospora anserina

Genetic control of tryptophan pyrrolase in Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis

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