Genetic Control of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Barley

Jende-Strid, Barbro

doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00187.x

Cited by 95 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Because these compounds remain colorless until oxidative browning occurs during seed maturation, we used a colorimetric test to determine their presence during early seed development (Jende-Strid, 1993). In wild-type seed coats, uncolored PAs and their precursors were detected by their dark red staining with vanillin in the endothelium covering the whole seed body, hereafter called the endothelium body, as well as in the endothelial cells around the chalazal bulb and the micropylar area ( Figure 2D).…”

Section: Pigmentation Pattern In Tt16 Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TRANSPARENT TESTA16 Locus Encodes the ARABIDOPSIS BSISTER MADS Domain Protein and Is Required for Proper Development and Pigmentation of the Seed Coat

Nési¹,

Debeaujon²,

Jond³

et al. 2002

Plant Cell

312

346

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Section: Pigmentation Pattern In Tt16 Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TRANSPARENT TESTA16 Locus Encodes the ARABIDOPSIS BSISTER MADS Domain Protein and Is Required for Proper Development and Pigmentation of the Seed Coat

Nési¹,

Debeaujon²,

Jond³

et al. 2002

Plant Cell

312

346

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“…The barley (Hordeum vulgare) lines Ca33787 (wild type) and the ant310 mutant (Jende-Strid, 1993;Reuber et al, 1997;Druka et al, 2003) while plants used for protoplast, miniprotoplast, and vacuole isolations performed in Zurich were grown with a photoperiod of 14 h. In both locations, phytotrons were set to 20°C and a relative humidity of 60% to 70%.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Barley Primary Leaves Requires the Presence of the Vacuole and Controls the Activity of Vacuolar Flavonoid Transport

et al. 2007

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare) primary leaves synthesize saponarin, a 2-fold glucosylated flavone (apigenin 6-C-glucosyl-7-Oglucoside), which is efficiently accumulated in vacuoles via a transport mechanism driven by the proton gradient. Vacuoles isolated from mesophyll protoplasts of the plant line anthocyanin-less310 (ant310), which contains a mutation in the chalcone isomerase (CHI) gene that largely inhibits flavonoid biosynthesis, exhibit strongly reduced transport activity for saponarin and its precursor isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside). Incubation of ant310 primary leaf segments or isolated mesophyll protoplasts with naringenin, the product of the CHI reaction, restores saponarin biosynthesis almost completely, up to levels of the wild-type Ca33787. During reconstitution, saponarin accumulates to more than 90% in the vacuole. The capacity to synthesize saponarin from naringenin is strongly reduced in ant310 miniprotoplasts containing no central vacuole. Leaf segments and protoplasts from ant310 treated with naringenin showed strong reactivation of saponarin or isovitexin uptake by vacuoles, while the activity of the UDP-glucose:isovitexin 7-O-glucosyltransferase was not changed by this treatment. Our results demonstrate that efficient vacuolar flavonoid transport is linked to intact flavonoid biosynthesis in barley. Intact flavonoid biosynthesis exerts control over the activity of the vacuolar flavonoid/H 1 -antiporter. Thus, the barley ant310 mutant represents a novel model system to study the interplay between flavonoid biosynthesis and the vacuolar storage mechanism.

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“…Over 600 such ant mutants have been described. These mutants define 10 loci: three loci defined by ant17, ant18 and ant30 encode F3H, DFR and CHI,respectively;and six loci (ant19,ant25,ant26,ant27,ant28 and ant29) are defective in conversion of leucoanthocyanidin to proanthocyanidins ( Jende-Strid, 1991) ( Jende-Strid, 1993). More detailed phenotypic and molecular analysis has indicated that the tenth locus, Ant13, is a regulatory gene for the general flavonoid pathway.…”

Section: Transcription Factors Controlling the Biosynthesis Of Proantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

2004

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Summary Proanthocyanidins are oligomeric and polymeric end products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. They are present in the fruits, bark, leaves and seeds of many plants, where they provide protection against predation. At the same time they give flavor and astringency to beverages such as wine, fruit juices and teas, and are increasingly recognized as having beneficial effects on human health. The presence of proanthocyanidins is also a major quality factor for forage crops. The past 2 years have seen important breakthroughs in our understanding of the biosynthesis of the building blocks of proanthocyanidins, the flavan‐3‐ols (+)‐catechin and (–)‐epicatechin. However, virtually nothing is known about the ways in which these units are assembled into the corresponding oligomers in vivo. Molecular genetic approaches are leading to an understanding of the regulatory genes that control proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, and this information, together with increased knowledge of the enzymes specific for the pathway, will facilitate the genetic engineering of plants for introduction of value‐added nutraceutical and forage quality traits. Contents Summary9I.9II.10III.12IV.13V.14VI.16VII.23VIII.242525

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Genetic Control of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Barley

Cited by 95 publications

References 67 publications

The TRANSPARENT TESTA16 Locus Encodes the ARABIDOPSIS BSISTER MADS Domain Protein and Is Required for Proper Development and Pigmentation of the Seed Coat

The TRANSPARENT TESTA16 Locus Encodes the ARABIDOPSIS BSISTER MADS Domain Protein and Is Required for Proper Development and Pigmentation of the Seed Coat

Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Barley Primary Leaves Requires the Presence of the Vacuole and Controls the Activity of Vacuolar Flavonoid Transport

Proanthocyanidins – a final frontier in flavonoid research?

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