Genetic control of effective juvenile resistance to leaf rust in collection samples of Triticum aestivum L.

“…All local samples were susceptible to the disease, so resistant accessions were presented by varieties and breeding lines, varieties from the Russian Federation being the most presented. Most of these identified samples possess known genes for leaf resistance Lr9, Lr19, and Lr24 according to phytopathological tests and molecular DNA marking [4,21,54]. These genes are widely used in the breeding of spring bread wheat in Russia and abroad, and they have lost their effectiveness in some countries and several parts of Russia [23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Multilocal Monitoring of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spring Bread Wheat Genetic Resources from Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)

et al. 2022

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Triticum aestivum L. (bread wheat) is the most important cereal crop in world grain production, including in the territory of the Russian Federation. One of the most important factors influencing the yield and quality of wheat grain is the affection of plants with leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.). To broaden the set of sources for effective rust resistance, spring bread wheat samples from N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) were monitored for adult resistance to the disease under natural infections for many decades at three distant locations of the Russian Federation: the Dagestan Experimental Station (DES) of VIR (10,549 accessions), Yekaterinino Experimental Station (YES) (4384 accessions), and Pushkin Experimental Field (PEF) (7704 accessions). Information on the disease development at these three stations is presented at least for 51 last years. As a result of disease development evaluation under natural epiphytotic conditions for not less than 3 years, 293 (15 landraces, 127 breeding lines, and 151 commercial varieties), 118 (1 landrace, 38 breeding lines, and 79 commercial varieties), and 127 (10 landraces, 48 breeding lines, and 69 commercial varieties) samples were classified as resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Among samples from the State Register of Breeding Achievements in Russia, 15, 13, and 8 spring wheat varieties were resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Juvenile resistance was estimated under laboratory conditions after seedling inoculation with a complex population of P. triticina: 73 highly resistant varieties and breeding lines were identified; all landraces, including those classified as resistant in the fields, were susceptible to disease at the seedling stage. A total of 26 wheat accessions were identified to be resistant to leaf rust at two to three locations; 14 of them possess adult resistance, and 12 samples have seedling resistance. According to results of PCR amplification with primers specific to markers of effective genes for leaf rust resistance, 6 accessions have gene Lr9, 1 sample is protected by Lr19, and 1 sample possesses gene Lr24. Wheat samples identified as possessing effective seedling or adult resistance could be of interest for breeding in some regions of the Russian Federation and other countries.

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“…Проведение фитопатологического теста при изучении высокоэффективной резистентности возможно только при наличии генотипов возбудителей болезней, маркированных вирулентностью к эффективным генам резистентности. С нашей точки зрения, это весьма надежный метод идентификации конкретных генов устойчивости (Tyryshkin, 2006(Tyryshkin, , 2010, хотя в работах отечественных исследователей в последнее время указывается на его слабую информативность для характеристики генетической детерминации устойчивости у изучаемого материала без использования молекулярных подходов (Shishkin et al, 2018;Gultyaeva et al, 2019).…”

Section: использование молекулярно-генетического и фитопатологического методов для идентификации генов эффективной устойчивости к листовоunclassified

The use of molecular-genetic and phytopathological methods to identify genes for effective leaf rust resistance in Aegilops accessions

Тырышкин

Kolesova

2020

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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Background. Identification of effective genes for disease resistance in resistant plant samples is the most important step toward recommending them for breeding. There are three main methods for such identification: hybridological analysis, phytopathological test, and DNA marking. The method of PCR markers is widely used in Russia to identify resistance genes in wheat relatives, including the genus Aegi lops L. for resistance to leaf rust. From a theoretical viewpoint, the presence of a certain amplification fragment can hardly be interpreted as a definite proof of the presence of a resistance gene: during the species evolution, recombinations and mutations could occur, resulting in disturbance of the fragment’s presence and phenotypic expression of its connection with resistance. The purpose of this work was a comparison between molecular-genetic and phytopathological methods to identify leaf rust resistance genes Lr9 and Lr41 in three Aegilops species.Materials and methods. We identified leaf rust resistance genes Lr9 and Lr41 in forty Aegilops accessions using PCR with J13 and GDM35 primers, respectively. In the phytopathological test, the seedlings were infected with the pathogen population (avirulent to Lr9 and Lr41 genes) and the fungus clones virulent to the wheat line with the Lr9 gene.Results and conclusions. According to the data of molecular marking, the Lr41 gene was present in twelve Ae. tauschii Coss. accessions; Lr9 in four Ae umbellulata Zhuk. accessions and four of Ae. biuncialis Vis. All accessions of Ae. tauschii, two of Ae. umbellulata, and three of Ae. biuncialis, possessing effective resistance genes according to the molecular testing, were susceptible to the pathogen population. For three Ae. umbellulata accessions resistant to the population, where DNA marking failed to identify an Lr9 gene, the presence of this gene was shown by a phytopathological test. Thus, there were significant differences in the postulation of effective Lr9 and Lr41 leaf rust resistance genes in Aegilops accessions after a phytopatological test and the use of DNA markers.

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Genetic control of effective juvenile resistance to leaf rust in collection samples of Triticum aestivum L.

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

PCR-based molecular markers linked to the leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 in different bread wheat cultivars

PCR-based molecular markers linked to the leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 in different bread wheat cultivars

Long-Term Multilocal Monitoring of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spring Bread Wheat Genetic Resources from Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)

The use of molecular-genetic and phytopathological methods to identify genes for effective leaf rust resistance in Aegilops accessions

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