Genetic contributions to acute autonomic stress responsiveness in children

Mueller, Anett; Strahler, Jana; Armbruster, Diana; Lesch, Klaus‐Peter; Brocke, Burkhard; Kirschbaum, Clemens

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.11.007

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Researchers studied salivary cortisol (11,28,30–34,37 –40 ,42 –47,49–54,56–68,70,71) and/or salivary α-amylase response to stress (11,29,32,33,35,36,40–42 ,44 ,48,49,52,53,55,59 ,61,63,66,69–72) for their association with CV/CM items. A substantial number of these studies showed significant correlations between salivary cortisol and/or salivary α-amylase and clinical/subclinical CV/CMR indicators (28,29,31,32,36,37,44,50,55).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary cortisol and α-amylase: subclinical indicators of stress as cardiometabolic risk

Cozma

et al. 2017

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Currently, the potential for cardiovascular (CV) stress-induced risk is primarily based on the theoretical (obvious) side effects of stress on the CV system. Salivary cortisol and α-amylase, produced respectively by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) system during stress response, are still not included in the routine evaluation of CV risk and require additional and definitive validation. Therefore, this article overviews studies published between 2010 and 2015, in which salivary cortisol and α-amylase were measured as stress biomarkers to examine their associations with CV/CMR (cardiometabolic risk) clinical and subclinical indicators. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases was performed, and 54 key articles related to the use of salivary cortisol and α-amylase as subclinical indicators of stress and CV/CMR factors, including studies that emphasized methodological biases that could influence the accuracy of study outcomes, were ultimately identified. Overall, the biological impact of stress measured by salivary cortisol and α-amylase was associated with CV/CMR factors. Results supported the use of salivary cortisol and α-amylase as potential diagnostic tools for detecting stress-induced cardiac diseases and especially to describe the mechanisms by which stress potentially contributes to the pathogenesis and outcomes of CV diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary cortisol and α-amylase: subclinical indicators of stress as cardiometabolic risk

Cozma

et al. 2017

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Research on the genetic and environmental influences on human HRV has shown that genetic factors account for between 13% and 57% (Singh et al, 1999;Uusitalo et al, 2007) of the variation among HRV measures in adults, and there is good evidence for genetic contributions to HRV in children (Mueller et al, 2012). Furthermore, important heritable traits such as affective instability are related to HRV (Koval et al, 2013), such that individuals with lower parasympathetic tone are emotionally less stable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting state vagal tone in borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis

Koenig

Kemp

Feeling

et al. 2016

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

112

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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder in clinical settings. It is characterized by negative affectivity, emotional liability, anxiety, depression, as well as disinhibition (i.e., impulsivity and risk taking), all of which have been linked to lower resting state vagal tone, which may be indexed by vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV). Here, we aimed to quantify the current evidence on alterations in resting state vmHRV in individuals with BPD, relative to healthy controls. A rigorous search of the literature, according to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses", revealed 5 studies suitable for meta-analysis, reporting vmHRV in individuals with BPD (n=95), relative to healthy controls (n=105). Short-term measures of resting state vmHRV were extracted and subjected to meta-analysis using both random- and fixed effect models in RevMan. BPD displayed lower resting state vmHRV relative to healthy controls in random- (Hedges' g=-0.59, 95% CI [-1.11; -0.06], k=5) and fixed-effect meta-analysis (Hedges' g=-0.56, 95% CI [-0.86; -0.27], k=5). Control for potential publication bias did not change observed findings. Lowered resting state vagal tone may be an important trait characteristic underlying BPD. As prior studies have observed lowered vmHRV in a variety of psychiatric disorders, we propose that lowered vmHRV may reflect a common psychophysiological mechanism underlying difficulties in emotion regulation and impulsivity, in particular.

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“…Supporting a potential direct mechanism by which COMT may affect autonomic reactivity, work by Jabbi and colleagues (2007) has linked variable enzymatic activity due to the COMT val158met polymorphism to not only central catecholamine, but peripheral plasma catecholamine regulation, such as epinephrine. Recent work has expanded this concept of differential autonomic system activity varying as a function of COMT genotype in children (Mueller et al, 2012): During exposure to a social stressor, individuals homozygous on the Val allele displayed increased HR acceleration (marker of sympathetic activity) followed by quick recovery, as well as blunting of heart rate variability (HRV, a marker of parasympathetic activity) during stress recovery. Furthermore, work by Hansen and colleagues (Hansen et al, 2003) has demonstrated that individuals with greater HRV perform better on tasks involving executive functioning such as working memory and attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the COMT val158met polymorphism in mediating aversive learning in visual cortex

2016

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The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val158met single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alters metabolic activity of the COMT enzyme regulating catecholamines, with the Val (valine) allele resulting in 40% greater enzymatic activity than the Met (methionine) allele. Previous research has identified systematic inter-individual differences in cognitive and behavioral phenotypes related to this polymorphism, often attributed to the fact that extracellular dopamine in the prefrontal cortex is strongly affected by the COMT enzyme. The neurophysiological mechanisms mediating these inter-individual differences in specific brain systems and task contexts remain to be established however. In the current study, we examined the extent to which physio-mechanistic differences by COMT genotype affect somato-visceral and visual cortical responses to learned threat cues. Classical aversive differential conditioning was implemented using rapidly phase-reversing grating stimuli, previously shown to engage retinotopic visual cortex. Differential response patterns in sensory and autonomic systems were elicited by pairing one grating (CS+, conditioned stimulus), but not the other (CS-), with a noxious stimulus. Dense-array electroencephalography and somato-visceral measures of defensive reactivity were recorded in addition to self-report data. Individuals of the Val/Val genotype, compared to Met allele carriers, reliably showed greater initial enhancement in their visuocortical response to the CS+, accompanied by stronger defensive engagement, indexed by heart rate acceleration and startle potentiation. The finding that COMT polymorphism status affects threat cue reactivity at the visuocortical level is consistent with the notion that sensory processing of threat is facilitated by strong re-entrant bias signals from anterior areas, including the prefrontal cortex.

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Genetic contributions to acute autonomic stress responsiveness in children

Cited by 36 publications

References 55 publications

Salivary cortisol and α-amylase: subclinical indicators of stress as cardiometabolic risk

Salivary cortisol and α-amylase: subclinical indicators of stress as cardiometabolic risk

Resting state vagal tone in borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis

The role of the COMT val158met polymorphism in mediating aversive learning in visual cortex

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