Genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars

Biek, Roman; Akamine, Naomi; Schwartz, Michael K.; Ruth, Toni K.; Murphy, Kylie; Poss, Mary

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0437

Cited by 37 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the study area, we observed a higher number of females (76.4%) than males (23.6%). Contrary to the expected (Logan & Sweanor 2001, Biek et al 2006, we sampled few males, none of which resident.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Monitoring a Puma (Puma concolor) Population in a Fragmented Landscape in Southeast Brazil

Miotto

Cervini

Begotti³

et al. 2011

Biotropica

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The northeast area of São Paulo state has been intensively deforested, resulting in a highly fragmented landscape composed of a few large patches and several small patches of natural vegetation surrounded by sugarcane, eucalyptus, and citrus plantations. In this scenario, we investigated the puma (Puma concolor) population size, sex ratio, and relatedness in two of the last, and largest, natural refuges in the area using a noninvasive method during 2004-2008. By collecting and individualizing fecal samples by microsatellites, we identified 17 individuals, 13 females (76.4%) and 4 males (23.6%) in these areas. Five females were sampled in distinct years and over an extended time and probably represented resident adults. By investigating the relatedness among individual pumas inhabiting the area, we found that only three animals were not related to each other. We also found evidence that young females might establish an adjacent or overlapping territory to their mothers (phylopatry). Moreover, we registered 11 road-killed individuals nearby the study area, ten males and one female, and six human-puma conflicts. The study area may act as a source of individuals that disperse across the matrix to occupy new home ranges, maintaining some degree of gene flow in a source-sink metapopulation structure. Finally, we recommend that puma management should be conducted at the landscape level to provide effective puma conservation in northeastern São Paulo state.Abstract in Portuguese is available in the online version of this article.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Monitoring a Puma (Puma concolor) Population in a Fragmented Landscape in Southeast Brazil

Miotto

Cervini

Begotti³

et al. 2011

Biotropica

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“…Although inbreeding avoidance has been suggested as a causal factor for male dispersal, it also may facilitate female dispersal in fully occupied habitats. Biek et al (2006) found that intrapopulation female movements were beneficial for maintaining population genetic viability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal movements of subadult cougars from the Black Hills: the notions of range expansion and recolonization

Thompson

Jenks

2010

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Dispersal plays a vital role in cougar (Puma concolor) population ecology, creating genetic viability and maintaining gene flow between populations. The naturally recolonized cougar population in the Black Hills is at the edge of the species' range in North America and completely surrounded by the grasslands of the Northern Great Plains. Our objective was to document dispersal movements and possible range expansion of subadult cougars captured within the Black Hills ecosystem of southwestern South Dakota and eastern Wyoming. Twenty-four (n ¼ 14 males, n ¼ 10 females) subadult cougars were captured in the Black Hills. Independence of cougars from females averaged 13.5 months (range ¼ 10-16 months) from parturition; dispersal occurred 1-3 months post independence. Males dispersed (mean ¼ 274.7 km SE 88.3) farther than females (mean ¼ 48.0 km SE 10.9), with females exhibiting 40% philopatry. We documented several (n ¼ 6) long-distance dispersal movements (.250 km) of male cougars and hypothesize that males making long-distance movements were in search of available mates. The longdistance cougar dispersal movements documented by our study indicate that range expansion and habitat recolonization are occurring and further suggest proactive efforts to increase public knowledge of cougar ecology in areas where cougars are recolonizing previously occupied range.

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“…25], [27], [58]. If female T. tana disperse more often or farther than males, then fewer closely related pairs of females should occur in the sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female-Biased Dispersal and Gene Flow in a Behaviorally Monogamous Mammal, the Large Treeshrew (Tupaia tana)

Munshi‐South

2008

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundFemale-biased dispersal (FBD) is predicted to occur in monogamous species due to local resource competition among females, but evidence for this association in mammals is scarce. The predicted relationship between FBD and monogamy may also be too simplistic, given that many pair-living mammals exhibit substantial extra-pair paternity.Methodology/Principal FindingsI examined whether dispersal and gene flow are female-biased in the large treeshrew (Tupaia tana) in Borneo, a behaviorally monogamous species with a genetic mating system characterized by high rates (50%) of extra-pair paternity. Genetic analyses provided evidence of FBD in this species. As predicted for FBD, I found lower mean values for the corrected assignment index for adult females than for males using seven microsatellite loci, indicating that female individuals were more likely to be immigrants. Adult female pairs were also less related than adult male pairs. Furthermore, comparison of Bayesian coalescent-based estimates of migration rates using maternally and bi-parentally inherited genetic markers suggested that gene flow is female-biased in T. tana. The effective number of migrants between populations estimated from mitochondrial DNA sequence was three times higher than the number estimated using autosomal microsatellites.Conclusions/SignificanceThese results provide the first evidence of FBD in a behaviorally monogamous species without mating fidelity. I argue that competition among females for feeding territories creates a sexual asymmetry in the costs and benefits of dispersal in treeshrews.

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Genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Monitoring a Puma (Puma concolor) Population in a Fragmented Landscape in Southeast Brazil

Monitoring a Puma (Puma concolor) Population in a Fragmented Landscape in Southeast Brazil

Dispersal movements of subadult cougars from the Black Hills: the notions of range expansion and recolonization

Female-Biased Dispersal and Gene Flow in a Behaviorally Monogamous Mammal, the Large Treeshrew (Tupaia tana)

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