Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from autopsy proven cases of AIDS associated cerebral toxoplasmosis in South India

Vijaykumar, BR; Lekshmi, Swathi U.; Kant, Ravi; Vaigundan, D.; Mahadevan, Anita; Rajendran, C.; Shankar, S K; Jayshree, R. S.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.014

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Based on four loci sequencing, we concluded that majority of the patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis developing on the background of AIDS in India harboured non-archetypes, which were recombinants of type II/III. 12 This was further confirmed by 10 loci PCR RFLP genotyping (unpublished observation). In the present report too, barring two cases, which were either MAS/nonarchetypes, majority of the patients harboured strains, which did not correspond to any of the types reported earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…14 A multilocus PCR was used to amplify T. gondii at 10 independent loci followed by RFLP as detailed in our earlier manuscript. 12 Eight T. gondii reference strains viz. GT1, PTG, CTG, TgCgCa1, MAS, TgCatBr5, TgCatBr64 and TgRsCr1 served as positive controls (kind gift from Dr. Su).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 In our earlier study, four loci sequencing of the parasite sourced from fatal cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis occurring in the background of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) had revealed non-archetypes, which were majorly recombinants of genotypes II/III. 12 In the present study, we investigated the genotypes of T. gondii during febrile episodes in non-SCT patients with HM undergoing treatment at Kidwai Cancer Institute (KCI), Bangalore, a tertiary care Institute for the diagnosis, management and research in cancer in South India. Our results revealed that majority of samples harboured non-archetypal strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypes of T. Gondii in Patients With Haematological Malignancies at a State Cancer Institute in South India

Vijaykumar¹,

R²,

Rajendran³

et al. 2017

Jebmh

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BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is considered to be an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. After the advent of highly-activated antiretroviral therapy, though the frequency of opportunistic toxoplasmosis in the developed world has decreased, it continues to be a crucial aetiology of focal brain lesions in AIDS in developing countries such as India. Likewise, toxoplasmosis is a common infectious complication in patients with Haematological Malignancies (HM) on Stem Cell Therapy (SCT). Non-stem cell transplant patients treated with aggressive immunosuppressive regimens are also at risk for this opportunistic parasitic infection. We had earlier shown that about 14% of febrile episodes in non-stem cell transplant patients with HM were attributed to T. gondii infection. The aim of the study was to identify genetic types of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) during febrile episodes in patients with Haematological Malignancies (HM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Febrile episodes in 210 patients with HM were investigated for T. gondii infection during November 2012 to April 2013. Blood samples were tested for B1 gene of the parasite and DNA from the positive episodes was taken up for multilocus PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping. Direct amplification of 10 different loci, viz. SAG1, 5'-3'SAG2, alt. SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, C22-8, L358, PK1 and APICO followed by RFLP was used to genotype the parasite. Sera from samples with amplifiable T. gondii B1 gene were also tested for IgM and low avidity IgG antibodies to the parasite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypes of T. Gondii in Patients With Haematological Malignancies at a State Cancer Institute in South India

Vijaykumar¹,

R²,

Rajendran³

et al. 2017

Jebmh

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“…Tissue sections were then captured from these blocks and DNA extracted by Guanidinium thiocyanate method. [ 19 ] Briefly, 100 μm sections from the marked areas of FFPE blocks representative of toxoplasma lesions were transferred into sterile Eppendorf tubes. As a precaution, new blades were used for each case to prevent carryover contamination.…”

Section: S Ubjects and M Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This revealed recombinants of genotypes II/III, with clonal Type III in only one case. [ 19 ] To unravel the degree of variation across the parasite genome, we undertook characterization of T. gondii DNA derived from the lesions of CT, by eight loci restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We found majority of samples to contain nonarchetypal strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restriction fragment length polymorphism-based genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from autopsy-proven cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis

Vijaykumar

Kant

Rajendran

et al. 2018

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-infected patients and food animals and direct genotyping of T. gondii isolates, Southern Ghana

et al. 2017

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Toxoplasma gondii is of public health and veterinary importance causing severe diseases in immunocompromised individuals including HIV/AIDS patients and in congenital cases and animals. There is limited information on the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in humans, particularly HIV patients and food animals and the parasite genotypes in Ghana. A total of 394 HIV-infected patients from three hospitals were screened for T. gondii anti-IgG and IgM using ELISA. DNAs from blood samples of seropositve participants and 95 brain tissues of food animals were PCR assayed to detect Toxoplasma gra6. DNA positive samples were genotyped using multilocus nested polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism at 10 loci: sag1, alt.sag2, sag3, btub, gra6, l358, c22-8, c29-2, pk1, and apico. The overall seroprevalence was 74.37% (293/394). Toxoplasma DNAs were detected in 3.07% of the seropositive participants and 9.47% of the animals. Six of the human DNA positive samples were partly typed at sag3: 33.33, 50, and 16.67% isolates had type I, II, and III alleles, respectively. All nine isolates from food animals typed at nine loci except apico were atypical: six isolates were identical to ToxoDB #41 and #145, and one was identical to TgCkBrRj2 all identified in Brazil. The genotype of two isolates has not been reported previously and was named as TgCtGh1. T. gondii seroprevalence is high among the HIV-infected individuals with T. gondii circulating in Ghana being genetically diverse.

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Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from autopsy proven cases of AIDS associated cerebral toxoplasmosis in South India

Cited by 13 publications

References 74 publications

Genotypes of T. Gondii in Patients With Haematological Malignancies at a State Cancer Institute in South India

Genotypes of T. Gondii in Patients With Haematological Malignancies at a State Cancer Institute in South India

Restriction fragment length polymorphism-based genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from autopsy-proven cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated cerebral toxoplasmosis

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-infected patients and food animals and direct genotyping of T. gondii isolates, Southern Ghana

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