Genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Eastern China during 2017–2022

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an immunosuppressive disease caused by PRSS virus (PRRSV). PRRSV mainly causes reproductive disorders in pregnant sows and respiratory diseases in piglets. Recently, it has emerged as one of the most important diseases of the pig industry across the globe. In this study, we have collected 231 samples from differently sized pig farms in Eastern China from 2017 to 2022 to investigate the epidemic characteristics of the disease. All samples were screened by RT-PCR and analyzed further using Nsp2 and ORF5 genes. The result showed that the positive rate of PRRSV was 24% (54/231). Phylogenetic analysis (13 positive samples) revealed that all isolates belonged to genotype 2, and they were mainly distributed in four lineages (i.e., lineage 1, 3, 5, and 8). Nsp2 is the most variable protein among all PRRSV NSPs, several isolates from this study had amino acid deletions within Nsp2 compared to that of strain VR-2332. The major structural protein glycoprotein (GP5) protein is encoded by ORF5. Epitope analysis of the 13 isolated strains and additional reference strains revealed that all 13 strains had some mutations on the decoy epitope, the primary neutralizing epitope, T cell epitopes, and B cell epitopes. This study showed that the prevalent PRRSV strain in Eastern China was still HP-PRRSV, while the proportion of NADC30-like and NADC34-like strains have increased. This study further enriches the epidemiological data of PRRS in Eastern China and provides a theoretical basis for vaccine development and prevention and control of the disease across the region.

A descriptive study on spatial and temporal distributions of genetic clusters of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infecting pig sites in Quebec, Canada, between 2010 and 2019

“…Unlike other studies which focused on a single or on few clusters [ 13 ] or subgroups or lineages [ 14 , 22 , 34 ] or limited to a few farms [ 8 ] our study covered all wild-type clusters found over a 10 year-period at the provincial level. Furthermore, each cluster was described based on its detection in at least one of pig site within a year instead of the number of detections, in order to prevent the influence of repeated sampling of the same strain within a herd during the same year.…”

Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Analysis of Potential Host Proteins Interacting with GP5 in PRRSV-Infected PAMs

“…Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a viral disease caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) with serious reproductive disorders in sows and respiratory symptoms in piglets, leading to significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Genetic diversity, immunosuppression, and the antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) effect of PRRSV pose additional challenges for PRRS prevention and control [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Although vaccination is the most effective method to prevent PRRSV infection, the efficacy of PRRSV vaccines remains unsatisfactory [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Secondary Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (HP-PRRSV2) Infection Augments Inflammatory Responses, Clinical Outcomes, and Pathogen Load in Glaesserella-parasuis-Infected Piglets

“…The PRRSV is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a capsid [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. The PRRSV disease was first identified in the United State of America in the late 1980s and in Germany in the 1990s [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], and then it spread to other pig-producing areas, including China, causing enormous economic losses to the pig industry [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”