Genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in piglets from PMWS-affected and -negative farms in Thailand

Jantafong, Tippawan; Boonsoongnern, Alongkot; Poolperm, Pariwat; Urairong, Kitcha; Lekcharoensuk, Chalermpol; Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa

doi:10.1186/1743-422x-8-88

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…3). PCV-2b-1A/B has also been identified in Thailand 11 and Uruguay. 20 In China, the PCV2b-1A/B cluster was reported as the major subtype from 2001 to 2009.…”

Section: Full Scientific Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and phylogenetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 from pigs in Mozambique

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs), caused by porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), have a significant economic impact on the swine industry worldwide. In Africa, there is little information, to date, regarding the occurrence of PCV-2, and it has not been reported in Mozambique's swine population. We randomly collected mesenteric lymph nodes (n = 111) from slaughtered pigs from 9 districts in southern Mozambique. PCV-2 DNA was detected in 54% (62 of 111) of the samples and 78% (23 of 31) of the farms. PCV-2 antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in lymph nodes (6 of 62; 10%) that were positive for PCV-2 by PCR. Histopathologic changes observed in these lymph nodes were lymphoid depletion, multifocal nodal necrosis, and infiltrates of histiocytes and multinucleate giant cells. One positive sample from each district was selected in order to obtain sequences covering the ORF2 region. Five sequences clustered with PCV-2d, of which 3 sequences from Maputo, Namaacha, and Moamba were grouped with PCV-2d-2; 2 sequences from Manhiça and Matola were grouped as PCV-2d-1; and 4 sequences from Boane, Matutuíne, Chibuto, and Xai-Xai were closely related to PCV-2b-1A/B genotypes. Our study indicates that a diversity of PCV-2 viruses is circulating in the Mozambican swine population.

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“…3). PCV-2b-1A/B has also been identified in Thailand 11 and Uruguay. 20 In China, the PCV2b-1A/B cluster was reported as the major subtype from 2001 to 2009.…”

Section: Full Scientific Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and phylogenetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 from pigs in Mozambique

et al. 2018

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“…The PCV2c genotype has only been found in Denmark to date [31]. In recent years, several reports have suggested that PCV2b is the predominant genotype in many countries worldwide, including Brazil [8,11], Canada [14,15], China [17,21,38], Cuba [29], Denmark [12], Germany [30], Japan [32], Korea [1,2,19,20], Slovakia [37], Spain [10], Sweden [33], Switzerland [39], Thailand [18] and the U.S.A. [6,23]. PCV2b might be more pathogenic than PCV2a [16,32].…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypic Change and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Taiwanese Pig Herds

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACT. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Two major PCV2 genotypes, PCV2a and PCV2b, have been identified. To explore the prevalence of different subgroups of PCV2 in Taiwan Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs) in pigs and causes significant economic losses in most pig-producing countries [27]. PCVADs can be subclinical or can include 1 or more clinical manifestations such as multisystemic disease with weight loss, respiratory signs, enteric signs, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, and reproductive problems individually or in combination in pigs raised on farms or in other groups of pigs [27]. PCVADs are multifactorial syndromes, and factors that are currently thought to influence the outcome of PCV2 infection include the viral strain, the host, coinfections, and immune modulation [27].PCV2 is a small, non-enveloped, circular, single-stranded DNA virus containing a circular genome of 1766-1768 nucleotides [17,34]. PCV2 is a member of the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae [27]. Another member of this genus includes PCV1, which does not produce disease in pigs [35]. The PCV2 genome contains three open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes two replicase proteins, Rep and Rep' [4]. The viral capsid protein is encoded by ORF2 [25], which is involved in the host immune response [24]. The third ORF, ORF3, is in a different reading frame embedded within ORF1 and encodes a protein associated with apoptosis [22].PCV2 viruses are further classified into three genotypes (2a, 2b, and 2c) that differ with respect to the ORF2 sequence [9,26]. The signature motif (amino acid positions 86-89) of ORF2 can be used to distinguish PCV2a and 2b, which contain the TNKI and SNPR (L) motifs, respectively [6]. The PCV2c genotype has only been found in Denmark to date [31]. In recent years, several reports have suggested that PCV2b is the predominant genotype in many countries worldwide, including Brazil [8,11], Canada [14,15] [16,32]. In Taiwan, the first PCV2 outbreak was confirmed in 2001 [3], and a high prevalence of PCV2 infection was noted thereafter. Up to 92% of pig herds and 68.8% of weaned pigs were infected by PCV2 in Taiwan [7]; however, the genotype prevalence of PCV2 in Taiwan is not currently known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of the PCV2 genotype in Taiwan in the last decade. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimen collection and histopathological examination:Clinical samples (lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, brain and serum) were collected from 785 pigs from 186 herds in central and southern Taiwan during 2002-2011. These samples were mainly acquired from weaning and growing pigs with

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“…Types a and b seem to have a worldwide distribution, whereas type c has only been found in Denmark (Dupont et al., 2008). Other subtypes described in Asia (d and e) (Wang et al., 2009) (Jantafong et al., 2011) may belong to the previously described subtypes (a, b, c) (Cortey et al., 2011a).…”

Section: Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (Pcv2)mentioning

confidence: 72%

Porcine Circovirus Diseases: A review of PMWS

Bækbo

Kristensen

Larsen

2012

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Summary This article is a review on post‐weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), the first described disease among the porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD). Post‐weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome has, since its appearance in Canada in 1991, been seen in all major pig producing countries. To diagnose PMWS at herd level typical clinical appearance consisting of wasting and increased mortality must be combined with finding at autopsy of diseased pigs, where typical microscopic findings in the lymphatic tissue must be present. Post‐weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome significantly increases the mortality and reduces the daily weight gain in weaner pig and/or in finishing pigs. Post‐weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome can be transmitted by pig‐to‐pig contact and some studies point at airborne transmission as a possibility. Studies in Europe have shown several risk factors that either increase or decrease the risk for a pig herd to be affected by PMWS. At the pig level, studies have shown the importance of maternal immunity as protection for subsequent development of PMWS. To control PMWS, good production management and control of other diseases are crucial. Since 2004, commercial vaccines against Porcine Circo Virus type 2 have been coming on the market and many studies have shown great benefits of these to control PMWS. Today, sow vaccines as well as piglet vaccines are available in most countries. An extensive meta‐analysis of many of the vaccines has shown a comparable good efficacy of the vaccines in significantly reducing mortality and increasing weight gain of the pigs.

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Genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in piglets from PMWS-affected and -negative farms in Thailand

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Detection and phylogenetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 from pigs in Mozambique

Detection and phylogenetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 from pigs in Mozambique

Genotypic Change and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Taiwanese Pig Herds

Porcine Circovirus Diseases: A review of PMWS

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