Genetic characterization of mumps viruses associated with the resurgence of mumps in the United States: 2015–2017

McNall, Rebecca J.; Wharton, Adam K.; Anderson, Raydel; Clemmons, Nakia; Lopareva, Elena N.; González, Carlos; Espinosa, Alex; Probert, William S.; Hacker, Jill K.; Liu, Gongping; Garfin, Jacob; Strain, Anna K.; Boxrud, David; Bryant, Patrick; George, Kirsten St.; Davis, Timothy A.; Griesser, Richard; Shult, Peter; Bankamp, Bettina; Hickman, Carole J.; Wroblewski, Kelly; Rota, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197935

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…During 2006, the United States experienced one multi-state mumps outbreak, reporting 6584 cases, of which 18-24 years old had the most infections, and most of them were college students [4] . The United States reported an unusually large number of mumps cases (more than 13800 cases) from the end of 2015 to the end of 2017 [16] . Although the vaccine is the main preventive measure to prevent mumps, it is no longer fully protective for college students because the vaccine was given in childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure

Bai

Wang

Guo

2021

Acta Math. Appl. Sin. Engl. Ser.

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In this paper, a model of mumps transmission with quarantine measure is proposed and then the control reproduction number Rc of the model is obtained. This model admits a unique endemic equilibrium P * if and only if Rc > 1, while the disease-free equilibrium P 0 always exists. By using the technique of constructing Lyapunov functions and the generalized Lyapunov-LaSalle theorem, we first show that the equilibrium P 0 is globally asymptotically stable (GAS) if Rc ≤ 1; second, we prove that the equilibrium P * is GAS if Rc > 1.Our results reveal that mumps can be eliminated from the community for Rc ≤ 1 and it will be persistent for Rc > 1, and quarantine measure can also effectively control the mumps transmission.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure

Bai

Wang

Guo

2021

Acta Math. Appl. Sin. Engl. Ser.

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“…Since 2006, over 98% of sequenced mumps isolates in the United States are from the same genotype (genotype G), and the majority of genotype G specimens share the SH gene of the same strain (Sheffield), or are only 1 or 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) different from the Sheffield reference strain. 81 The high level of similarity among US sequences limits the usefulness of routine genotyping to inform the epidemiologic investigation during outbreak(s). However, if the epidemiology suggests a case(s) may not be related to an outbreak, a notable difference (i.e., different genotype or strain) can help identify sporadic cases and inform outbreak response efforts.…”

Section: Laboratory Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of mumps-associated myocarditis

LeBlanc

Lawati

Lother

et al. 2018

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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Mumps is a viral infection endemic in North America despite widespread vaccination. Typical symptoms include parotitis, fever, and myalgias; however, absence of parotitis and asymptomatic infection is common. Complications are rare, occurring in 10% or fewer of patients, and have only rarely been described since widespread adoption of the mumps vaccine. Most complications occur in non-vaccinated individuals. Myocarditis is a very rare, but clinically significant, complication of acute mumps infection. We report a case of acute myocarditis with a serological diagnosis of acute mumps infection in a previously healthy, vaccinated 24-year-old female.

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“…M umps is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable viral illness that in the prevaccine era was associated with severe clinical outcomes, including deafness, encephalitis, and meningitis. The incidence of mumps in the United States decreased significantly after a vaccine became widely available, but mumps outbreaks continue to occur even among highly vaccinated populations (1). Mumps is an orthorubulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Detection of noncanonical SH variants. The Centers for Disease Control and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) established Vaccine Preventable Diseases Reference Centers, to enhance domestic mumps surveillance through genotyping of circulating MuVs (1,3,6). Phylogenetic analysis of contemporary MuV SH sequences from clinical samples submitted for laboratory testing between 2015 and 2017 detected several viruses in genotype G with unusual mutations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Characterization of Circulating Mumps Viruses with Stop Codon Mutations in the Small Hydrophobic Protein

Stinnett

Beck

Lopareva

et al. 2020

mSphere

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Between 2015 and 2017, routine molecular surveillance in the United States detected multiple mumps viruses (MuVs) with mutations in the small hydrophobic (SH) gene compared to a reference virus of the same genotype. These mutations include an unusual pattern of uracil-to-cytosine hypermutations and other mutations resulting in the generation of premature stop codons or disruption of the canonical stop codon. The mumps virus SH protein may serve as a virulence factor, based on evidence that it inhibits apoptosis and innate immune signaling in vitro and that recombinant viruses that do not express the SH protein are attenuated in an animal model. In this study, mumps viruses bearing variant SH sequences were isolated from contemporary outbreak samples to evaluate the impact of the observed mutations on SH protein function. All isolates with variant SH sequences replicated in interferon-competent cells with no evidence of attenuation. Furthermore, all SH-variant viruses retained the ability to abrogate induction of NF-κB-mediated innate immune signaling in infected cells. Ectopic expression of variant mumps SH genes is consistent with findings from infection experiments, indicating that the observed abrogation of signaling was not mediated by other viral factors that may modulate innate immune signaling. Molecular surveillance is an important public health tool for monitoring the diversity of circulating mumps viruses and can provide insights into determinants of disease. These findings, in turn, will inform studies employing reverse genetics to elucidate the specific mechanisms of MuV pathogenesis and potential impacts of observed sequence variants on infectivity, fitness, and virulence. IMPORTANCE Mumps virus (MuV) outbreaks occur in the United States despite high coverage with measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine. Routine genotyping of laboratory-confirmed mumps cases has been practiced in the United States since 2006 to enhance mumps surveillance. This study reports the detection of unusual mutations in the small hydrophobic (SH) protein of contemporary laboratory-confirmed mumps cases and is the first to describe the impact of such mutations on SH protein function. These mutations are predicted to profoundly alter the amino acid sequence of the SH protein, which has been shown to antagonize host innate immune responses; however, they were neither associated with defects in virus replication nor attenuated protein function in vitro, consistent with detection in clinical specimens. A better understanding of the forces governing mumps virus sequence diversity and of the functional consequences of mutations in viral proteins is important for maintaining robust capacity for mumps detection and disease control.

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Genetic characterization of mumps viruses associated with the resurgence of mumps in the United States: 2015–2017

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure

Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure

A case of mumps-associated myocarditis

Functional Characterization of Circulating Mumps Viruses with Stop Codon Mutations in the Small Hydrophobic Protein

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