Genetic characterization of morphologically variant strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Borba, Cíntia de Moraes; Correia, J. H. R. Dias; Vinhas, Ester; Martins, Albert Eduardo Silva; Alves, Beatriz da Costa Aguiar; Unkles, Sheila; Kinghorn, James Robertson; Lucena‐Silva, Norma

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762008005000013

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The correlation between genotypic and phenotypic divergence is a fundamental paradigm in evolutionary biology (Damerval et al 1987, Scharloo 1991. Other studies have documented relationships between genetic and phenotypic similarity for microbial and plant traits (Jasienski et al 1997, Horz et al 2005, Borba et al 2008. To our knowledge, none has examined phenotypes related to decomposition, although the issue has received recent attention (Andren andBalandreau 1999, Balser et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional diversity in resource use by fungi

McGuire

Bent

Borneman

et al. 2010

Ecology

143

108

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Fungi influence nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, as they are major regulators of decomposition and soil respiration. However, little is known about the substrate preferences of individual fungal species outside of laboratory culture studies. If active fungi differ in their substrate preferences in situ, then changes in fungal diversity due to global change may dramatically influence nutrient cycling in ecosystems. To test the responses of individual fungal taxa to specific substrates, we used a nucleotide-analogue procedure in the boreal forest of Alaska (USA). Specifically, we added four organic N compounds commonly found in plant litter (arginine, glutamate, lignocellulose, and tannin-protein) to litterbags filled with decomposed leaf litter (black spruce and aspen) and assessed the responses of active fungal species using qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction), oligonucleotide fingerprinting of rRNA genes, and sequencing. We also compared the sequences from our experiment with a concurrent warming experiment to see if active fungi that targeted more recalcitrant compounds would respond more positively to soil warming. We found that individual fungal taxa responded differently to substrate additions and that active fungal communities were different across litter types (spruce vs. aspen). Active fungi that targeted lignocellulose also responded positively to experimental warming. Additionally, resource-use patterns in different fungal taxa were genetically correlated, suggesting that it may be possible to predict the ecological function of active fungal communities based on genetic information. Together, these results imply that fungi are functionally diverse and that reductions in fungal diversity may have consequences for ecosystem functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional diversity in resource use by fungi

McGuire

Bent

Borneman

et al. 2010

Ecology

143

108

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“…We also showed that RAPD methodology was simple, inexpensive and appropriate for genetic discrimination of virulent and non‐virulent strains 23 . The primers used here were designed based on RAPD genotyping of wild‐type and morphological mutant strains of P. brasiliensis , which are not virulent 23 . The presence of the amplified fragment only in wild type strains suggested that the target is a marker for virulence or these morphological mutant strains had the ceja‐1 gene deleted or rearranged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Paracoccidioides brasiliensis has shown extensive genetic variability when analysed by molecular tools such as RAPD, RFLP and electrophoretic karyotyping. We also showed that RAPD methodology was simple, inexpensive and appropriate for genetic discrimination of virulent and non‐virulent strains 23 . The primers used here were designed based on RAPD genotyping of wild‐type and morphological mutant strains of P. brasiliensis , which are not virulent 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) has been used to detect genomic variations among P. brasiliensis isolates, and these have been correlated to different degrees of virulence 21,22 . In the present study, we report on a novel PCR assay with primers targeted for a new molecular marker named ceja‐ 1 (Genebank accession number: ), which is found in virulent P. brasiliensis strains, by means of RAPD technology 23 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ceja-1 sequence as a potential new molecular marker forParacoccidioides brasiliensisinfection

Correia

Borba

Reis

et al. 2010

Mycoses

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We have developed a two-step PCR assay that amplifies a region of the ceja-1 sequence that is specific for virulent strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. An internal region of the ceja-1 sequence was chosen for designing primers that were utilised in a single tube heminested PCR protocol to amplify DNA from six virulent strains. PCR specificity was determined by the absence of amplified products with genomic DNA from four non-virulent strains of P. brasiliensis and from eight fungal pathogens, one bacterium, two protozoa, one worm and mouse and human genomic DNA (leucocytes). The fact that the PCR product was only obtained with the genetic material from virulent isolates of P. brasiliensis suggested that this partial amplified sequence might be a marker of virulence for this fungus. The diagnostic potential of this PCR was confirmed by the successful amplification of this fragment with genomic DNA obtained in lymph node aspirate from a patient with paracoccidioidomycosis.

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“…High phenotypic diversity among P. brasiliensis s.l. isolates has been reported in morphology, rate of growth, and virulence (Borba Cde et al, 2008;Burger et al, 1996;Carvalho et al, 2005;Molinari-Madlum et al, 1999), and recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that this species actually contains at least four cryptic phylogenetic species: two paraphyletic species (S1 [Species 1] and PS2 [Phylogenetic Species 2]), and two monophyletic species (PS3 [Phylogenetic Species 3] and the ''Pb01-like'' species for which the name Paracoccidioides lutzii sp. nov. has been proposed) (Matute et al, 2006;Teixeira et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%