Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from cases presenting various clinical conditions

Larochelle, Renée; Magar, Ronald; D’Allaire, Sylvie

doi:10.1016/s0168-1702(02)00141-7

Cited by 112 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses allowed us to confirm and classify four Croatian PCV2 strains, which were very closely related to strains from Slovenia, France, Netherlands, the United Kingdom and China. Therefore, our strains will be part of one large cluster defined by Larochelle et al (2002), which is composed of PCV2 strains from Europe, Taiwan, China and Canada. The present study confirms previous phylogenetic studies regarding PCV2 in Croatia (Jemeršić et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs in Croatia: Detection and characterisation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)

Lipej

Segalés

Toplak³

et al. 2005

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The objective of this study was to characterise porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) from pigs with naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in Croatia, and to determine the epizootiological, clinical and pathomorphological features of the disease. During a systematic health monitoring programme conducted in the period from January 2002 to June 2003, PMWS was suspected on eight different pig-producing farms in Croatia. The diagnosis of PMWS met all three key criteria: the presence of compatible clinical signs, the presence of the characteristic microscopic lymphoid lesions, and the detection of PCV2 within the lesions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by in situ hybridisation (ISH). Moreover, PCV2 DNA from swine tissues was extracted and sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis of 4 Croatian PCV2 strains showed close relationship to PCV2 strains isolated in Slovenia, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, China and Hungary. PCV2 was also demonstrated by electron microscopy in the lymph node of an affected animal. This is the first demonstration of PMWS in Croatia based on all scientifically accepted diagnostic criteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs in Croatia: Detection and characterisation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)

Lipej

Segalés

Toplak³

et al. 2005

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…PCV2 has been detected in both severely affected herds and clinically non-affected herds by PCR and ELISA. Interestingly, nearly identical PCV2 genomes have been found in healthy pigs and in diseased pigs from affected and unaffected herds (de Boisseson et al, 2004;Larochelle et al, 2002). In contrast, a PCV2a field isolate from a case with moderate-to-severe PCV2-associated lesions was compared with a PCV2a isolate from a case with no PCV2-associated lesions and significant differences in expression of lesions were seen in experimentally inoculated pigs (Opriessnig et al, 2006c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, two types of PCV have been recognized (Allan et al, 1998;Hamel et al, 1998;Morozov et al, 1998) in pigs: the non-pathogenic PCV type 1 (PCV1) and the pathogenic PCV type 2 (PCV2), which is the aetiological agent of porcine circovirusassociated disease (PCVAD). Previously, phylogenetic analyses have shown that PCV2 isolates can be further divided into two main clusters (Larochelle et al, 2002;Mankertz et al, 2000;Olvera et al, 2007) now commonly referred to as PCV2a and PCV2b (Gagnon et al, 2007).Systemic PCV2 infection, which is also known as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), is characterized clinically by wasting or decreased weight gain, enlarged lymph nodes and dyspnoea (Harding & Clark, 1997;Opriessnig et al, 2007). The hallmark microscopic lesions of systemic PCV2 infection are lymphoid depletion and granulomatous lymphadenitis associated with the presence of PCV2 antigen or nucleic acids (Sorden, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Differences in virulence among porcine circovirus type 2 isolates are unrelated to cluster type 2a or 2b and prior infection provides heterologous protection

Opriessnig

Ramamoorthy

Madson

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

115

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Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is divided into two genetic clusters designated PCV2a and PCV2b. The objectives of this study were to determine whether isolates from different clusters vary in virulence and to determine whether infection with PCV2a isolates induces protective immunity against subsequent infection with a recent PCV2b isolate. One-hundred and thirteen conventional specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs were assigned randomly to treatment groups and rooms: pigs inoculated with PCV2a cluster isolates (ISU-40895 or ISU-4838), pigs inoculated with PCV2b cluster isolates (NC-16845 or Can-17639) and uninoculated pigs. Necropsies were performed at 16 or 51 days post-inoculation (p.i.). There were no significant differences in PCV2-associated lymphoid lesions between PCV2a and PCV2b clusters; however, within the same cluster, significant differences were found between isolates: ISU-4838-and Can-17639-inoculated pigs had significantly (P,0.05) less severe lesions compared with ISU-40895-and NC-16845-inoculated pigs. To evaluate cross-protection, six pigs within each group were challenged at 35 days p.i. with an isolate from the heterologous cluster and were necropsied 51 days p.i. The severity of PCV2-associated lesions was reduced in pigs with prior exposure to an isolate from the heterologous cluster in comparison with singly inoculated pigs. Results indicate that the virulence of PCV2a and PCV2b isolates is not different in the conventional SPF pig model; however, the virulence of isolates within the same cluster differs. Increased virulence as reported to be associated with PCV2b isolates in the field was not observed under the conditions of this study. Moreover, cross-protection between PCV2a and PCV2b exists. INTRODUCTIONPorcine circovirus (PCV) is a small, circular, nonenveloped, single-stranded DNA virus (Tischer et al., 1982) that belongs to the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae (Todd et al., 2005). To date, two types of PCV have been recognized (Allan et al., 1998;Hamel et al., 1998;Morozov et al., 1998) in pigs: the non-pathogenic PCV type 1 (PCV1) and the pathogenic PCV type 2 (PCV2), which is the aetiological agent of porcine circovirusassociated disease (PCVAD). Previously, phylogenetic analyses have shown that PCV2 isolates can be further divided into two main clusters (Larochelle et al., 2002;Mankertz et al., 2000;Olvera et al., 2007) now commonly referred to as PCV2a and PCV2b (Gagnon et al., 2007).Systemic PCV2 infection, which is also known as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), is characterized clinically by wasting or decreased weight gain, enlarged lymph nodes and dyspnoea (Harding & Clark, 1997;Opriessnig et al., 2007). The hallmark microscopic lesions of systemic PCV2 infection are lymphoid depletion and granulomatous lymphadenitis associated with the presence of PCV2 antigen or nucleic acids (Sorden, 2000). Systemic PCV2 infection or PMWS was initially observed in a Canadian high-health-statusThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the complete genomic sequ...

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“…4 The ORF2 gene encodes for the capsid protein, which has been shown to be immunogenic 20,21 and which has a greater nucleotide variation than ORF1. 15 Several commercial PCV-2 vaccines became available in North America in 2006. As of January 2008, 3 products are fully licensed and available in the United States for use in healthy pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Three Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to Detect Porcine Circovirus-2 (PCV-2)—Specific Antibodies after Vaccination or Inoculation of Pigs with Distinct PCV-1 or PCV-2 Isolates

et al. 2008

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Abstract. Porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) serology is frequently used to determine PCV-2 status and optimal timing of PCV-2 vaccination in the field. The objectives of the current study are to determine the diagnostic accuracy of 3 currently available commercial anti-immunoglobulin G (IgG) PCV-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and to compare the ability of the 3 assays to detect and differentiate between anti-PCV-2a and anti-PCV-2b antibodies, as well as anti-PCV-2 and anti-PCV-1 antibodies. Fiftyfive 3-week-old, conventional pigs were randomly allocated to 7 groups: 1) negative controls (n 5 7), 2) PCV2a (n 5 8; inoculated with PCV-2 ISU-40895), 3) PCV-2b (n 5 8; inoculated with PCV-2 NC-16845), 4) PCV-1 (n 5 8), 5) vaccine A (n 5 8; IngelvacH CircoFLEX TM ), 6) vaccine B (n 5 8; CircumventH PCV2), and 7) vaccine C (n 5 8; SuvaxynH PCV2 One Dose). Blood samples were collected weekly, and all sera were tested by 3 different anti-PCV-2 IgG ELISAs. The results indicated that all ELISAs had area under the receiver operating curve values greater than 0.94, detected both anti-PCV-2a and -2b antibodies with no differentiation, and did not detect anti-PCV-1 antibodies in infected animals. One of the ELISAs was able to distinguish pigs vaccinated with vaccine B from pigs inoculated with either PCV-2a or PCV-2b.

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Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains from cases presenting various clinical conditions

Cited by 112 publications

References 20 publications

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs in Croatia: Detection and characterisation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)

Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs in Croatia: Detection and characterisation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)

Differences in virulence among porcine circovirus type 2 isolates are unrelated to cluster type 2a or 2b and prior infection provides heterologous protection

Comparison of Three Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to Detect Porcine Circovirus-2 (PCV-2)—Specific Antibodies after Vaccination or Inoculation of Pigs with Distinct PCV-1 or PCV-2 Isolates

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