Genetic changes of Plasmodium vivax tempers host tissue-specific responses in Anopheles stephensi

Kumari, Seena; Chauhan, Charu; Tevatiya, Sanjay; Singla, Deepak; De, Tanwee Das; Sharma, Punita; Thomas, Tina; Rani, Jyoti; Savargaonkar, Deepali; Pandey, Kailash C.; Pande, Veena; Dixit, Rajnikant

doi:10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.02.002

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Recently we conducted a transcriptome based study, to understand that how hemocytes control the P. vivax free circulatory sporozoites (fcSPZ) population before salivary invasion [24]. Here we found that hemocyte encoded transcripts undergo a major shift during P. vivax infection.…”

Section: Hemocytes: the Cellular Immune Army Of The Mosquito Hostmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…stephensi infected with P. vivax oocyst identifies several unique sets of transcripts/genes, which have not yet find associated with any other Plasmodium infection. This study revealed the expression of genes involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis (Trehalase), nutrient transport (Sterol Carrier protein), energy, and nutrient homeostasis (Folliculin) during P. vivax infection [24]. We noticed that P. vivax infection modulates the Trehalase and Sterol Carrier protein expression in the midgut and salivary gland (SCP) for its own development and maturation.…”

Section: Post-invasion Strategy Of P Vivax (Development Of Oocyst)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several laboratory studies on mosquito-parasite interaction involving P. berghei or P. falciparum, demonstrate that the developmental kinetics of the Plasmodium population is significantly altered, though the mechanism is not fully understood [18][19][20]. The last two decades of research highlights the crucial role of the tissue-specific mosquito immune system to control the parasite load, though the physiological relevance is yet to be investigated [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: A General Overview Of the Sporogonic Cycle In Mosquito Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Dynamics of Mosquito-Plasmodium vivaxInteraction: A Smart Strategy of Parasitism

Chauhan¹,

Tevatiya²,

Kumari³

et al. 2021

Cell Interaction - Molecular and Immunological Basis for Disease Management

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Parallel to Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax is a fast emerging challenge to control malaria in South-East Asia regions. Owing to unique biological differences such as the preference for invading reticulocytes, early maturation of sexual stages during the infection, the formation of hypnozoites, unavailability of in-vitro culture, the molecular relation of P. vivax development inside the mosquito host is poorly known. In this chapter, we briefly provide a basic overview of Mosquito-Plasmodium interaction and update current knowledge of tissue-specific viz. midgut, hemocyte, and salivary glands- molecular dynamics of Plasmodium vivax interaction during its developmental transformation inside the mosquito host, in specific.

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Section: Hemocytes: the Cellular Immune Army Of The Mosquito Hostmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Post-invasion Strategy Of P Vivax (Development Of Oocyst)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A General Overview Of the Sporogonic Cycle In Mosquito Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Dynamics of Mosquito-Plasmodium vivaxInteraction: A Smart Strategy of Parasitism

Chauhan¹,

Tevatiya²,

Kumari³

et al. 2021

Cell Interaction - Molecular and Immunological Basis for Disease Management

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“…Before tissue collection, adult mosquitoes were anesthetized by putting them at 4˚C for 4-5 min. Later, placed on to dissecting slide under the microscope and various tissue like fat-body, hemocytes, midgut, salivary gland, ovary, spermatheca, and male reproductive organs were collected as described earlier [34]. For hemolymph collection, approx.…”

Section: Mosquito Tissue Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional disruption of transferrin expression alters reproductive physiology in Anopheles culicifacies

Rani

Chauhan

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Iron metabolism is crucial to maintain optimal physiological homeostasis of every organism and any alteration of the iron concentration (i.e. deficit or excess) can have adverse consequences. Transferrins are glycoproteins that play important role in iron transportation and have been widely characterized in vertebrates and insects, but poorly studied in blood-feeding mosquitoes. Results We characterized a 2102 bp long transcript AcTrf1a with complete CDS of 1872bp, and 226bp UTR region, encoding putative transferrin homolog protein from mosquito An. culicifacies. A detailed in silico analysis predicts AcTrf1a encodes 624 amino acid (aa) long polypeptide that carries transferrin domain. AcTrf1a also showed a putative N-linked glycosylation site, a characteristic feature of most of the mammalian transferrins and certain non-blood feeding insects. Structure modelling prediction confirms the presence of an iron-binding site at the N-terminal lobe of the transferrin. Our spatial and temporal expression analysis under altered pathophysiological conditions showed that AcTrf1a is abundantly expressed in the fat-body, ovary, and its response is significantly altered (enhanced) after blood meal uptake, and exogenous bacterial challenge. Additionally, non-heme iron supplementation of FeCl3 at 1 mM concentration not only augmented the AcTrf1a transcript expression in fat-body but also enhanced the reproductive fecundity of gravid adult female mosquitoes. RNAi-mediated knockdown of AcTrf1a causes a significant reduction in fecundity, confirming the important role of transferrin in oocyte maturation. Conclusion All together our results advocate that detailed characterization of newly identified AcTrf1a transcript may help to select it as a unique target to impair the mosquito reproductive outcome.

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“…With the advances of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, transcriptomic approaches are being developed to gain further insights into Anopheles responses to P. vivax (Santana et al 2019;Boonkaew et al 2020;Kumari et al 2021). Although providing substantial novel data, these studies were conducted with local Anopheles vectors for which limited molecular information or genetic tools are available and did not address the specificity of the mosquito response to either human Plasmodium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential transcriptomic response ofAnopheles arabiensistoPlasmodium vivaxandPlasmodium falciparuminfection

Kornobis

Puchot

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Plasmodium vivax malaria is now recognized as the second most dangerous parasitic threat to human health with the regular decrease of Plasmodium falciparum worldwide over recent decades. A very limited numbers of studies address the interaction of P. vivax with its Anopheles mosquito vectors. Those studies were conducted in P. vivax endemic countries with P.vivax local major vectors for which limited genomic and genetic tools are available. Despite the presence of P. vivax in several African countries and increasing reports on its occurrence in many others, there is virtually no data on the molecular responses of Anopheles arabiensis, a major African mosquito vector, to P. vivax, which limits the development of further mosquito-targeted interventions aimed at reducing P. vivax transmission. Taking advantage of the situation of Madagascar where P. falciparum, P. vivax and An. arabiensis are present, we explore the molecular responses of An. arabiensis towards these two human malaria parasites. RNA sequencing on RNAs isolated from mosquito midguts dissected at the early stage of infection (24 hours) was performed using mosquitoes fed on the blood of P. vivax and P. falciparum gametocyte carriers in a field station. From a de novo assembly of An. arabiensis midgut total RNA transcriptome, the comparative analysis revealed that a greater number of genes were differentially expressed in the mosquito midgut in response to P. vivax (209) than to P. falciparum (81). Among these, 15 common genes were identified to be significantly expressed in mosquito midgut 24 hours after ingesting P. vivax and P. falciparum gametocytes, including immune responsive genes and genes involved in amino-acid detoxification pathways. Importantly, working with both wild mosquitoes and field circulating parasites, our analysis revealed a strong mosquito genotype by parasite genotype interaction. Our study also identified 51 putative long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in An. arabiensis mosquito infected midgut. Among these, several mapped to the published An. arabiensis genome at genes coding immune responsive genes such as gambicin 1, leucine-rich repeat containing genes, either on sense or antisense strands. This study constitutes the first comparison of An. arabiensis molecular interaction with P. vivax and P. falciparum, investigating both coding and long non-coding RNAs for the identification of potential transcripts, that could lead to the development of novel approaches to simultaneously block the transmission of vivax and falciparum malaria.

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Genetic changes of Plasmodium vivax tempers host tissue-specific responses in Anopheles stephensi

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Molecular Dynamics of Mosquito-Plasmodium vivaxInteraction: A Smart Strategy of Parasitism

Molecular Dynamics of Mosquito-Plasmodium vivaxInteraction: A Smart Strategy of Parasitism

Functional disruption of transferrin expression alters reproductive physiology in Anopheles culicifacies

Differential transcriptomic response ofAnopheles arabiensistoPlasmodium vivaxandPlasmodium falciparuminfection

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