Genetic Behavior and Combining Ability for Some Traits of Root, Physiological and Grain Quality Traits in Rice Under Water Stress Conditions
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The investigation was laid out at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafer EL-Sheikh, Egypt, during three successive rice growing seasons, 2010, 2011 and 2012.The study aimed to fin the effect of gene action in the inheritance of grain yield, its components and some rice grain quality traits under normal conditions. The materials for this study consisted of six rice genotypes namely; The results revealed that mid parent values (m) were highly significant in positive direction for all traits in all crosses, Moreover, additive effect was highly significant in negative direction for grain yield/plant trait in cross I, as well as, grain length, grain shape and amylose content % in cross II. In addition, dominance effect was played an important role in the inheritance of grain shape, and amylose % in negative direction and grain yield in positive direction in cross III. These results also indicated that all types of gene interaction were played an important role in the inheritance of all traits, according to the cross itself.The broad sense heritability was high for all traits, it was ranged between (85.51 and 98.73%) for 1000 grain weight in cross I and grain yield/plant in cross I, respectively. Moreover, low to moderate estimated values of narrow sense heritability were observed for all traits in all crosses, the highest value (32.5%) was recorded for grain shape trait in cross III. However, the great discrepancy between the estimates of heritability in broad and narrow sense for 1000-grain 162 KHALED SALEM et al. weight character was reflected in low estimates of dominance variance or high estimates of additive variance for this trait. In addition, low estimates of expected genetic advance (9.03 and 9.04) were observed for amylose %, and 1000-grain weight in cross I, respectively. Low to moderate expected genetic advance with low narrow sense heritability for amylose content % and 1000-grain weight could be expected because this trait is under polygenic control. Moreover, additive and dominance components of variation were significant in the inheritance of these traits, but additive component was higher than the dominance one.Conclusively, the results suggested that early generation selection may be effective in improving of these traits in cross I. On the other hand, the results also indicated that the selection in late generations will be improving grain shape in cross II and 1000 grain weight in cross III.
The investigation was laid out at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafer EL-Sheikh, Egypt, during three successive rice growing seasons, 2010, 2011 and 2012.The study aimed to fin the effect of gene action in the inheritance of grain yield, its components and some rice grain quality traits under normal conditions. The materials for this study consisted of six rice genotypes namely; The results revealed that mid parent values (m) were highly significant in positive direction for all traits in all crosses, Moreover, additive effect was highly significant in negative direction for grain yield/plant trait in cross I, as well as, grain length, grain shape and amylose content % in cross II. In addition, dominance effect was played an important role in the inheritance of grain shape, and amylose % in negative direction and grain yield in positive direction in cross III. These results also indicated that all types of gene interaction were played an important role in the inheritance of all traits, according to the cross itself.The broad sense heritability was high for all traits, it was ranged between (85.51 and 98.73%) for 1000 grain weight in cross I and grain yield/plant in cross I, respectively. Moreover, low to moderate estimated values of narrow sense heritability were observed for all traits in all crosses, the highest value (32.5%) was recorded for grain shape trait in cross III. However, the great discrepancy between the estimates of heritability in broad and narrow sense for 1000-grain 162 KHALED SALEM et al. weight character was reflected in low estimates of dominance variance or high estimates of additive variance for this trait. In addition, low estimates of expected genetic advance (9.03 and 9.04) were observed for amylose %, and 1000-grain weight in cross I, respectively. Low to moderate expected genetic advance with low narrow sense heritability for amylose content % and 1000-grain weight could be expected because this trait is under polygenic control. Moreover, additive and dominance components of variation were significant in the inheritance of these traits, but additive component was higher than the dominance one.Conclusively, the results suggested that early generation selection may be effective in improving of these traits in cross I. On the other hand, the results also indicated that the selection in late generations will be improving grain shape in cross II and 1000 grain weight in cross III.
This study was aimed to study the heterosis, degree of dominance and minimum number of effective factors for yield components (Panicle length, Panicle weight and Grain yield/plant) and some grain quality traits in rice (Hulling percentage, Milling percentage and Head rice percentage) under normal conditions. The materials for this study consisted of six rice genotypes namely; Sakha101, Sakha102, Egyptian Yasmin, GZ1368s-5-4, IET1444 and IR78875-176-B2-B, These genotypes have a wide range of variation due to their different genetic background. The six rice parents were crossed to produce F 1 hybrid seeds of three crosses, namely, Sakha101 x GZ1368s-5-4(I), Sakha102 x IET1444(II) and Egyptian Yasmin x IR78875-176-B2B(III). The six populations, P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , BC 1 and BC 2 for each cross were utilized to determine the genetic parameters of the studied characters. The results revealed that heterosis better parent values were highly significant in positive direction for all traits in all crosses in agronomy characters except for the cross III in panicle length character were negative direction. The mid parent values were highly significant in positive direction for all traits in all crosses in agronomy characters except for the cross I for panicle weight and cross III for panicle length character. Degree of dominance values were less than unity in the positive direction for the crosses I, II and III, for all agronomic traits except for cross II in traits panicle weight and grain yield\ plant and the cross III in Grain yield\ plan trait were negative direction, indicating the importance of partial dominance in the inheritance of this trait in these crosses, Moreover, the Castle-Wright formula revealed that the estimated values of minimum number of gene in Panicle length trait in the crosses I and II is simple trait governed by one or two pairs of genes while the cross III governed by large number of genes (-12.63). Panicle weight trait was controlled by less than two pairs of genes suggested that trait is qualitative character in the crosses I and III while the crosses II governed by large number of pair of genes more than 9 pair of genes. Meanwhile, 212 KHALED M. SALEM et al. the Grain yield\ plant trait governed by large number of genes in the three crosses suggested that trait is quantitative character. On the other hand, the heterosis of quality traits revealed the hulling trait in mid parents and better parent were no significant except the cross II in mid parent while milling and head rice traits were highly significant in negative direction except the cross III in better parent to two traits. Obviously. degree of dominance values were less than unity in the negative direction for all crosses of hulling and milling traits for each crosses except the cross III were positive direction to two traits while the head rice trait was less than unity in all crosses in the positive direction except the cross I was negative. These results indicating the importance of partial dominance in the inheritance of this tra...
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