Genetic basis of elite combat sports athletes: a systematic review

Youn, Bo Young; Ko, Seong Gyu; Kim, Jee Young

doi:10.5114/biolsport.2022.102864

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…Although swimming research has underlined energetics and biomechanical assessment to understand the specific needs of this discipline, recently, special interest has been given to sports genomics focusing on the organization and functioning of the elite athletes' genome [3,16]. Despite a rather high heritability of athlete status [2], the search for genetic markers affecting elite sport predispositions remains a challenging task [3,17]. In the last years, great attention has been paid to the role of genetic factors influencing cognitive abilities such as motivation, stress tolerance and self-control, which may underlie differences in achieving remarkable results in sports competition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Association of COMT Rs4680 Polymorphism with Swimmers’ Competitive Performance

Żmijewski

Leońska-Duniec

Stuła

et al. 2021

Genes

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Swimmers’ competitive performance is a result of complicated interactions between physiological, biochemical, physical and psychological factors, all of which are strongly affected by water. Recently, great attention has been paid to the role of genetic factors such as the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) influencing motivation, emotions, stress tolerance, self-control, sleep regulation, pain processing and perception, addictive behaviour and neurodegeneration, which may underlie differences in achieving remarkable results in sports competition. Thus, this study was performed to investigate the association between the COMT Val158Met (rs4680) polymorphism and athletic performance in Caucasian swimmers. A total of 225 swimmers (171 short distance (SDS) and 54 long distance swimmers (LDS)) of national or international competitive standard and 379 unrelated sedentary controls were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). We found no significant differences in genotypic or allelic distributions between (1) male and female athletes; (2) SDS and LDS; (3) all athletes and sedentary controls (under codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant genetic models). No association was found between the COMT rs4680 polymorphism and elite swimming athlete status of the studied population. However, more replication studies are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Association of COMT Rs4680 Polymorphism with Swimmers’ Competitive Performance

Żmijewski

Leońska-Duniec

Stuła

et al. 2021

Genes

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“…Alterations in the expression of genes regulating muscle development can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on muscle function [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. A classic example involves the MSTN gene, encoding myostatin, in which a dominant loss of function alleles causes muscle hypertrophy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Breeding livestock with this mutation has been especially beneficial for the food industry, where producing pigs and cows with extremely large muscles is favorable [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila Models Reveal Properties of Mutant Lamins That Give Rise to Distinct Diseases

Walker

Langland

Viles³

et al. 2023

Cells

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Mutations in the LMNA gene cause a collection of diseases known as laminopathies, including muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and early-onset aging syndromes. The LMNA gene encodes A-type lamins, lamins A/C, intermediate filaments that form a meshwork underlying the inner nuclear membrane. Lamins have a conserved domain structure consisting of a head, coiled-coil rod, and C-terminal tail domain possessing an Ig-like fold. This study identified differences between two mutant lamins that cause distinct clinical diseases. One of the LMNA mutations encodes lamin A/C p.R527P and the other codes lamin A/C p.R482W, which are typically associated with muscular dystrophy and lipodystrophy, respectively. To determine how these mutations differentially affect muscle, we generated the equivalent mutations in the Drosophila Lamin C (LamC) gene, an orthologue of human LMNA. The muscle-specific expression of the R527P equivalent showed cytoplasmic aggregation of LamC, a reduced larval muscle size, decreased larval motility, and cardiac defects resulting in a reduced adult lifespan. By contrast, the muscle-specific expression of the R482W equivalent caused an abnormal nuclear shape without a change in larval muscle size, larval motility, and adult lifespan compared to controls. Collectively, these studies identified fundamental differences in the properties of mutant lamins that cause clinically distinct phenotypes, providing insights into disease mechanisms.

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“…Developments in DNA sequencing technology have led to a better understanding of the role of genetic variants in athletic performance, resulting in the development of “sports genomics”. Over the past 20 years, intensive research has identified as many as 185 genetic markers that can be linked to an athlete's elite status ( Maciejewska-Skrendo et al, 2019 ; Youn et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally agreed that athletes’ personality traits, including emotional resilience, persistence and stress management, are qualities enabling them to succeed in sports ( Youn et al, 2021 ). However, research on psychogenetic factors affecting elite martial arts athletes' mental or emotional strength has been scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between the rs4680 Polymorphism of the COMT Gene and Personality Traits among Combat Sports Athletes

Humińska-Lisowska¹,

Chmielowiec²,

Chmielowiec³

et al. 2023

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Physical performance has been the focus of studies examining genetic influences in martial arts. There has been little quantitative analysis of the interaction between psychological traits and gene variants in athletes. This study aimed to determine whether the rs4680 polymorphism of the COMT gene (catechol-O-methyltransferase) was linked to other sports phenotypes such as temperament, mental toughness, and stress tolerance. In our study, we concentrated on the case-control analysis of athletes in the aspect of their personality traits in association with the COMT gene polymorphism. Participants comprised 258 combat sports athletes and 278 healthy male individuals as a control group. Psychometric properties were assessed with the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R). COMT polymorphism testing was performed using real-time PCR. We found a statistically significant effect of a complex factor COMT rs4680 genotype with combat athletes/controls and novelty seeking (F2,530 = 5.958, p = 0.0028, η2 = 0.022), self-management (F2,530 = 6.772, p = 0.0012, η2 = 0.025), and with self-transcendence skills (F2,530 = 9.387, p = 0.00009, η2 = 0.034). The results are important for encouraging further studies on the genetic makeup of athletes in conjunction with personality traits. Due to the multigene and multifactorial nature of determinants of sports predispositions, we propose to take into account also other features, especially when studying genes related to cerebral neurotransmission. It is a holistic departure, and it clearly illustrates the relationship between the given characteristics of an athlete.

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Genetic basis of elite combat sports athletes: a systematic review

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of the Association of COMT Rs4680 Polymorphism with Swimmers’ Competitive Performance

Evaluation of the Association of COMT Rs4680 Polymorphism with Swimmers’ Competitive Performance

Drosophila Models Reveal Properties of Mutant Lamins That Give Rise to Distinct Diseases

Association Between the rs4680 Polymorphism of the COMT Gene and Personality Traits among Combat Sports Athletes

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