Genetic architecture for normal and novel host-plant use in two local populations of the herbivorous ladybird beetle, <i>Epilachna pustulosa</i>

Ueno, Hideki; Fujiyama, Naoyuki; Yao, Izumi; Sato, Yuji; Katakura, Haruo

doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00604.x

Cited by 31 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Studies using environmentÂgenetic interactions (GÂE) only were not included as a significant GÂE interaction does not necessarily indicate genetic trade-off (see Falconer and McKay, 1996;Roff, 1997 on p. 206). Recent examples of studies that found significant GÂE interactions but no evidence for a negative genetic correlation in performance are for instance Peppe and Lomoˆnaco (2003) and Ueno et al (2003). We also noted whether the arthropod species is able to reproduce asexually (including cyclic parthenogenesis like aphids and gynogenetic reproduction like in Alsophila pometaria) or is obligate sexually.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Have Genetic Trade-Offs in Host Use been Overlooked in Arthropods?

2005

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A popular hypothesis to explain the high degree of host specialisation observed among mites and insects is the existence of host-associated fitness trade-offs. According to this theory, adaptation to a host results in a relatively poorer performance on alternative hosts due to the antagonistic pleiotropic action of one or more genes. Evidence in favour of the genetic trade-off hypothesis is however scarce. Recent ecological work has shown that the optimisation of adult performance drives the evolution of host choice in at least some phytophagous insects. Yet, most ecological and evolutionary studies on host choice assume that females maximise their fitness by optimising offspring performance. In this paper, we investigate whether a general lack of attention for the role of adult performance in host choice may have diminished the chance of detecting genetic trade-offs. We reviewed the literature on genetic trade-offs and showed that most studies neglected host specific variation in adult performance. Moreover, studies that considered both adult and offspring performance had a higher chance of detecting genetic fitness trade-offs. Our results also suggested that studies on asexual reproducing species tend to detect trade-offs more often than studies on obligate sexual reproducing species. We argue that future studies on genetic trade-offs should take all fitness parameters into account in order to be conclusive. This approach may reveal (i) that genetic trade-offs are more common than hitherto reported and/or (ii) that genetic trade-offs are more common, or more easily detected among asexual reproducing species like mites and aphids.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Have Genetic Trade-Offs in Host Use been Overlooked in Arthropods?

2005

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“…3 and 4; Table 3), because a previous study revealed that at least F 1 hybrid larvae between populations on M. micrantha and L. lavandulifolia are as viable as their parents on both host plants (Matsubayashi et al 2011). In addition, a series of previous studies dealing with congeneric phytophagous ladybird beetles detected no evidence for the genetic trade-offs investigated in terms of signiÞcant negative genetic correlations, at least regarding the ability of larvae to develop on hosts from different plant families (Ueno et al 1999(Ueno et al , 2003; although the species treated in these studies were referred to as genus Epilachna, they are now placed in Henosepilachna). On the other hand, alternative theoretical models have predicted that panmictic generalist insect populations can become specialized, even in the absence of genetic trade-offs, on the host plant on which the majority of the population develops (Fry 1996), or on the main host of the population in a heterogeneous habitat (Kawecki et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Distribution and Differentiation ofHenosepilachna diekei(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Two Host-Plant Species Across Java, Indonesia

Fujiyama

Ueno

Kahono

et al. 2013

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Divergent natural selection on different host plants may be a crucial factor in promoting the remarkable diversity of phytophagous insects, and might occur in any geographical context. Because the intensity and consequences of divergent selection on different hosts can vary depending on the degree of gene flow between conspecific insect populations, elucidating the geographical context and degree of host specificity in the incipient phase of differential host use is indispensable to understanding the diversification process in phytophagous insects. Henosepilachna diekei Jadwiszczak & Węgrzynowicz (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a tropical ladybird beetle occurring mainly on two host species from different plant families, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. We investigated the geographical distribution of H. diekei across Java, Indonesia, in relation to the availability of the two hosts, and examined the host specificity of beetles in the laboratory. We also investigated genetic relationships among local populations of beetles using mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene sequences. Geographic variation in host use by H. diekei was largely determined by skewed geographical distributions of the hosts, although there was a synergistic effect with extremely divergent host specificity by the beetles. The molecular analyses suggested that genetic differentiation among the beetle populations has occurred and has been maintained by the effects of both geographical distance and divergent host specificity. The geographical distribution of H. diekei populations differing in host specificity suggests that geographical distance, local host-plant availability, and divergent host specificity contribute synergistically to promote the genetic differentiation and subsequent diversification of phytophagous insects on different hosts.

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“…One potential source for adaptive differentiation between species is in how they express trade-offs between different correlates of fitness. Standard errors on all quantitative genetic estimates were obtained by jackknifing over families (Efron & Tibshirani, 1993;Ueno et al, 2001Ueno et al, , 2003. We therefore looked for genetically based trade-offs in performance in two places, among pairs of hosts for a given dependent variable (weight, duration, and DGR), and between pairs of dependent variables for a given host, by examining and comparing the corresponding correlation or G -matrices of the two species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel evolution in sympatric, hybridizing species: performance ofColiasbutterflies on their introduced host plants

Porter

Levin

2007

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Shared ancestry and introgression can contribute to genetic similarity between hybridizing species, and it is generally difficult to disentangle these causes. However, shared ancestry plays a more limited role in traits that have recently undergone parallel directional selection in the two species, permitting the role of introgression to be better understood. The butterflies Colias eurytheme (Boisduval) and Colias philodice (Godart) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) are native to North America and have shifted their host ranges in parallel onto several introduced weedy and agricultural legumes. These butterflies hybridize at moderate rates throughout their range, and there is a strong possibility that they could be sharing host-associated adaptations. We split families of each species among nine introduced, prospective hosts and measured survivorship, larval duration, pupal weight, and a new variable, effective daily growth rate (DGR), analogous to a compound daily interest rate in economics. We found strong effects of host, sex, and family (species), but negligible effects of the host*species interaction that would indicate species-specific differences in performance on different hosts. We found speciesspecific life-history differences: C. eurytheme matured significantly later and reached a significantly larger body size than C. philodice while growing at the same DGR. Protandry was strong, and males, in addition to pupating sooner than females, grew significantly faster than females as measured by DGR. We measured broad-sense heritabilities and genetic correlations for host-associated performance variables. Most pairwise comparisons of performance among hosts and most pairwise comparisons between performance variables showed positive genetic correlations, except survivorship where little heritability was found. Nevertheless, a factorial multivariate analysis of variance of G-matrices showed highly significant species, host, and host*species interactions, suggesting differentially evolving genetic architectures underlying host adaptation in these two species, despite the small differences in overall performance. At least some of the genes affecting host performance in Colias are likely to be in the small, species-diagnostic regions and not shared via introgression between these hybridizing species. For biologists interested in the evolutionary ecology of their host associations, including applied biologists managing their agricultural pest potential, C. eurytheme and C. philodice are most usefully studied as if they were a single polymorphic species wherever they co-exist. In studying species that hybridize readily with a sympatric congener, it may often be necessary to include the second species in the experimental design.

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Genetic architecture for normal and novel host-plant use in two local populations of the herbivorous ladybird beetle, Epilachna pustulosa

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Have Genetic Trade-Offs in Host Use been Overlooked in Arthropods?

Have Genetic Trade-Offs in Host Use been Overlooked in Arthropods?

Distribution and Differentiation ofHenosepilachna diekei(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Two Host-Plant Species Across Java, Indonesia

Parallel evolution in sympatric, hybridizing species: performance ofColiasbutterflies on their introduced host plants

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