Genetic and ploidy diversity of pear (Pyrus spp.) germplasm of Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy

Baccichet, Irina; Foria, Serena; Messina, R.; Peccol, Elisabetta; Losa, Alessia; Fabro, Michele; Gori, Gianluca; Zandigiacomo, P.; Cipriáni, G.; Testolin, R.

doi:10.1007/s10722-019-00856-9

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Although genetic variability parameters are difficult to compare between studies because of differences in the number of accessions, loci analyzed and the detection method used, we can conclude that our expected and observed heterozygosity values are similar to those shown in other Spanish germplasm collections. CITA pear collection showed an expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.82, similar to other studies such as in local pear cultivars from Northwestern (0.80, Ferreira dos Santos et al [13]) and Northern Spain (0.83, Miranda et al [14]); from Italy (0.82, Baccichet et al [60]) and other Pyrus species (0.79, Bassil et al [25]). Expected heterozygosity was slightly higher in the set of local material (0.82) than in the reference material (0.79), with a significant difference in their allele count (total and rare alleles) which supported the previously mentioned singularity of local material.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Of Pear Accessions Prospected From Mountain Areas Of Aragonsupporting

confidence: 86%

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Local Pear Cultivars from Mountainous Areas from Aragon (Northeastern Spain)

et al. 2021

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The genetic diversity of pear local varieties prospected in mountainous areas from Northeastern Spain (Pyrenees and Iberian Cordillera) is not well known so far. In this study, an overall set of 252 accessions (178 prospected in mountainous areas from Aragon and a diverse set of 74 reference cultivars) was analyzed using 14 SSRs in order to estimate its genetic diversity and to identify the genetic structure and relationships among the pear germplasm studied. A total of 251 distinct alleles were successfully amplified with an average of 17.9 alleles per locus and with a wide genetic diversity (mean expected heterozygosity of 0.82). In total, 228 unique genotypes were identified and 210 genotypes were represented by a single accession indicating a situation of extreme vulnerability of these pear genetic resources held in the CITA collection. An amount of 32.9% of accessions were considered triploids displaying three alleles at least into two loci. Genetic analyses performed by a model-based Bayesian procedure, principal coordinate analysis and analysis of molecular variance supported the presence of a genetic stratification with the existence of four sub-groups among the accessions, with a highly significant differentiation (FST = 0.132; p < 0.001). These results shed light on the characterization and genetic relatedness between these local accessions and currently cultivated pear cultivars and highlight the importance to safeguarding this diversity that might be essential for new breeding programs.

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Section: Genetic Diversity Of Pear Accessions Prospected From Mountain Areas Of Aragonsupporting

confidence: 86%

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Local Pear Cultivars from Mountainous Areas from Aragon (Northeastern Spain)

et al. 2021

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“…Extensive results of plant materials in different climatic areas in one region and the neighboring regions have also been historically documented, such as the movement of pears from Italy to neighboring countries and Eastern and Central Europe (Baccichet et al, 2020). The results obtained in the present research showed that given Iran's location on the Silk Road (Figure 1), as an important link between Asia and Europe in the past, it played a major role to link Europe and Asian genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Genetic Diversity and Similarity of Asian and European Pears (Pyrus Spp.) Revealed by Genome Size and Morphological Traits Prediction

Kadkhodaei

Arzani

Yadollahi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Fruit Science

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Pears (Pyrus spp.) mainly are divided into two main groups of Asian and European species with a wide diversity or similarity in fruit and morphological traits. In this study, flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the genome size of 37 cultivars and genotypes of Asian, European, and Iranian indigenous pears. Besides, the relationship between cytological and morphological traits was investigated for the first time. Morphological traits were measured based on the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) descriptor. There were positive relationships between genome size, the fruit pedicel length, and the length to fruit diameter ratio. Although, as the genome size was increased, the fruit diameter and size were decreased. Increasing 1.6 pg of the genome size causes a reduction of one cm in the pear fruit diameter. Moreover, with a larger genome size by 1.1 pg, there was an increase in fruit pedicel by one cm. The obtained results revealed that most of the Iranian native genotypes were similar in shape to European pears, but some of them were also oriented to Asian pear cultivars. Most studied cultivars originated between different regions were diploid (2n = 34) and their genome size varied between 0.99 and 1.99 pg. The average genome size of European and Iranian pears was 1.29 pg and Asian's was 1.32 pg. The principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the Asian and European genotypes were distinctly separated. Also, according to the cluster analysis, the indigenous cultivars of Iran can be located in the European pear group species. There was a relationship between the East Asian and European pear origins because of the possible gene flow between two major pear culture regions in the past. In general, Iran can be considered as an important region and pathway of gene flow transfer and a rich center of genetic variation of pears. Therefore, this study provided essential information and a useful tool for genetic diversity or similarity assessment of pears through genome size and some morphological traits prediction. Further research on wider fruit tree species in the different fruit-growing regions of the world will warrant the use of genome size as a novel prediction tool for the important morphological traits with specific commercial breeding objectives.

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“…By contrast, somatic mutants, so called sports or clones, are seldom distinguished from their original genotypes although clone-specific mutations are occasionally identified [ 7 ]. More than two alleles in the same locus/sample usually indicate polyploidy; 10–30% triploids are commonly reported from germplasm screenings of apple and pear [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. SSR analyses can also indicate which one of two diploid parental genotypes has produced an unreduced gamete resulting in a triploid offspring.…”

Section: Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In-depth analyses have been carried out with more local germplasm, as the three European pear collections preserved in North-Eastern Italy, where pears have been grown for a very long time [ 8 ]. The samples were analyzed with some of the ECPGR-approved SSR loci, and high levels of polymorphism were encountered among the 120 unique accessions.…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Large-Scale Genotyping and Phenotyping of Plant Genetic Resources of Vegetatively Propagated Crops

Nybom

Lācis

2021

Plants

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Several recent national and international projects have focused on large-scale genotyping of plant genetic resources in vegetatively propagated crops like fruit and berries, potatoes and woody ornamentals. The primary goal is usually to identify true-to-type plant material, detect possible synonyms, and investigate genetic diversity and relatedness among accessions. A secondary goal may be to create sustainable databases that can be utilized in research and breeding for several years ahead. Commonly applied DNA markers (like microsatellite DNA and SNPs) and next-generation sequencing each have their pros and cons for these purposes. Methods for large-scale phenotyping have lagged behind, which is unfortunate since many commercially important traits (yield, growth habit, storability, and disease resistance) are difficult to score. Nevertheless, the analysis of gene action and development of robust DNA markers depends on environmentally controlled screening of very large sets of plant material. Although more time-consuming, co-operative projects with broad-scale data collection are likely to produce more reliable results. In this review, we will describe some of the approaches taken in genotyping and/or phenotyping projects concerning a wide variety of vegetatively propagated crops.

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Genetic and ploidy diversity of pear (Pyrus spp.) germplasm of Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy

Cited by 15 publications

References 57 publications

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Local Pear Cultivars from Mountainous Areas from Aragon (Northeastern Spain)

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Local Pear Cultivars from Mountainous Areas from Aragon (Northeastern Spain)

Genetic Diversity and Similarity of Asian and European Pears (Pyrus Spp.) Revealed by Genome Size and Morphological Traits Prediction

Recent Large-Scale Genotyping and Phenotyping of Plant Genetic Resources of Vegetatively Propagated Crops

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