Genetic and physiological analysis of the lethal effect of L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase deficiency in Streptococcus mutans: complementation by alcohol dehydrogenase from Zymomonas mobilis

Hillman, Jeffrey D.; Chen, A; Snoep, Jacky L.

doi:10.1128/iai.64.10.4319-4323.1996

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Acid production is another noteworthy pathogenic feature of S. mutans. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) encoded by ldh gene is one of the most important enzymes in acid production, which acts as a key virulence of S. mutans, and ldh − deficient mutant of S. mutans had low acidogenicity and reduced cariogenic potential [92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. In a previous study, Wang [43] synthesized GH12 and performed glycolysis pH drop assay and qRT-PCR to test its effect on acid production of S. mutans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effect of a Peptide Containing Novel Oral Spray on Streptococcus mutans

Xiong

Chen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Objective. To investigate the antibacterial effect of a novel antimicrobial peptide containing oral spray GERM CLEAN on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in vitro and further explore the related mechanisms at phenotypic and transcriptional levels. Methods. The disk diffusion method was used to preliminarily appraise the antimicrobial effect of GERM CLEAN. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GREM CLEAN towards S. mutans was determined by the broth dilution method. S. mutans virulence-related phenotypic assays including initial adhesive assay, pH drop, exopolysaccharides (EPS), and biofilm formation measurements and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were further applied to detect the inhibitory mechanisms of GREM CLEAN at 1/2MIC. Results. The diameter (10.18 ± 1.744 mm) of inhibition zones formed by GERM CLEAN preliminarily indicated its inhibitory effect on the major cariogenic bacteria S. mutans. The minimal inhibitory concentration of GERM CLEAN on S. mutans was 100% mass fraction (the stock solution). The study of the antibacterial mechanism showed that GERM CLEAN had a certain inhibitory effect on the initial adhesion, acid production, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) production, and biofilm formation of S. mutans. GERM CLEAN disturbed S. mutans biofilm physiology mainly through destruction of biofilm architecture and suppression of bacterial growth. The results of qRT-PCR further confirmed that the expression levels of EPS and lactic acid generation genes including gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, and ldh were significantly repressed by treating with GERM CLEAN, and this was consistent with our phenotypic results. Conclusion. The novel antimicrobial peptide containing oral spray GERM CLEAN has an anti-Streptococcus mutans effect and the inhibitory property may be due to suppression of the virulence factors of S. mutans including adhesive, acidogenicity, EPS, and biofilm formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Effect of a Peptide Containing Novel Oral Spray on Streptococcus mutans

Xiong

Chen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…4(a)). Knockout of ldh of S. mutans was also impossible and a thermosensistive mutant could only be rescued by complementation with the alcohol dehydrogenase gene from Zymomonas mobilis, which allows NAD + regeneration [95]. An alternative strategy to evaluate pyruvate metabolism is to modulate the NADH/ NAD + ratio such as described for Lc.…”

Section: Central Metabolism and Pyruvate Dissipating Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights in the molecular biology and physiology of revealed by comparative genomics

Hols

Hancy

Fontaine

et al. 2005

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

241

368

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Streptococcus thermophilus is a major dairy starter used for the manufacture of yoghurt and cheese. The access to three genome sequences, comparative genomics and multilocus sequencing analyses suggests that this species recently emerged and is still undergoing a process of regressive evolution towards a specialised bacterium for growth in milk. Notably, S. thermophilus has maintained a well-developed nitrogen metabolism whereas its sugar catabolism has been subjected to a high level of degeneracy due to a paucity of carbon sources in milk. Furthermore, while pathogenic streptococci are recognised for a high capacity to expose proteins at their cell surface in order to achieve cell adhesion or to escape the host immune system, S. thermophilus has nearly lost this unique feature as well as many virulence-related functions. Although gene decay is obvious in S. thermophilus genome evolution, numerous small genomic islands, which were probably acquired by horizontal gene transfer, comprise important industrial phenotypic traits such as polysaccharide biosynthesis, bacteriocin production, restriction-modification systems or oxygen tolerance.

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“…For example, genetically modified bacteria (e.g. S. mutans) have been studied in vitro and considered for use in the replacement therapy in controlling dental caries (86)(87)(88), and avirulent a-haemolytic streptococci have been investigated in connection with recurrent otitis media (89). The techniques include inactivation of genes responsible for harmful metabolic pathways or incorporation of bacteriocins in the microbial test system (90).…”

Section: Other`bacteriotherapy´possibilities For Oral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics: do they have a role in oral medicine and dentistry?

Meurman

2005

European J Oral Sciences

264

176

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This review describes current knowledge on probiotic bacteriotherapy from the oral health perspective. Recent experimental studies and results from randomized controlled trials have shown that certain gut bacteria, in particular species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, may exert beneficial effects in the oral cavity by inhibiting cariogenic streptococci and Candida sp. Probiotics have been successfully used to control gastro-intestinal diseases. They also appear to alleviate symptoms of allergy and diseases with immunological pathology. The mechanisms of probiotic action appear to link with colonization resistance and immune modulation. Lactic acid bacteria can produce different antimicrobial components such as organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, carbon peroxide, diacetyl, low molecular weight antimicrobial substances, bacteriocins, and adhesion inhibitors, which also affect oral microflora. However, data is still sparse on the probiotic action in the oral cavity. More information is needed on the colonization of probiotics in the mouth and their possible effect on and within oral biofilms. There is every reason to believe that the putative probiotic mechanisms of action are the same in the mouth as they are in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Because of the increasing global problem with antimicrobial drug resistance, the concept of probiotic therapy is interesting and pertinent, and merits further research in the fields of oral medicine and dentistry.

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Genetic and physiological analysis of the lethal effect of L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase deficiency in Streptococcus mutans: complementation by alcohol dehydrogenase from Zymomonas mobilis

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Antimicrobial Effect of a Peptide Containing Novel Oral Spray on Streptococcus mutans

Antimicrobial Effect of a Peptide Containing Novel Oral Spray on Streptococcus mutans

New insights in the molecular biology and physiology of revealed by comparative genomics

Probiotics: do they have a role in oral medicine and dentistry?

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