Genetic and morphological divergences between wild and captive-bred populations ofSalmo trutta abanticus

Abstract

Salmo trutta abanticus is a non‐anadromous trout species native to Lake Abant and Seven Lakes in Turkey. A restocking programme by captive breeding was initiated in 1999 to support S. trutta abanticus population. Reared 2‐year‐old juveniles from randomly caught wild parental individuals in Maçka breeding farm were introduced into Lake Abant. We aimed to compare genetic and morphological divergences between wild‐ and captive‐bred populations using seven microsatellite loci and geometric morphometric measurements. A significant genetic and morphological divergences were detected between all population in Fst and canonical variate analysis based on geometric morphometric with 10 homolog landmark. Eighty‐six microsatellites alleles were recorded across loci. Number of private alleles, observed alleles and observed heterozygosity are statistically significant higher in Maçka captive‐bred population than Lake Abant and Seven Lakes populations. Of 42 tests, three departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were detected in all populations after Bonferroni correction. Two pairs of loci (Ssa85 – Str73 and Str73‐Str543) in Maçka, one pairs of loci (Ssa85‐Str73) in Abant and two pairs of loci (Ssa85‐Str60 and Str73‐Str543) in Seven Lakes populations show linkage disequilibrium. Population structure analysed with Structure software showed three genetic groups (∆K = 3) in our studied populations. Relatedness estimates show higher mean relatedness values (r = 0.220 ± 0.230) for Maçka captive‐breed population than wild populations of Abant Lake and Seven Lakes (r = 0.140 ± 0.210 and r = 0.170 ± 0.200 respectively).

Germplasm differences among three species of genus Erythroculter based on morphological characters and gene sequences of mitochondrial CO I and Cyt b

“…Among the mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO I) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene were commonly utilized for species-and-family level analysis (Johns & Avise, 1998;Kartavtsev & Lee, 2006). Furthermore, morphological data together with molecular markers could provide more realistic analyses for the population variation (Kai, Stevenson, Ueda, Hamatsu, & Nakabo, 2015;Muto et al, 2016;Szitenberg, Goren, & Huchon, 2012;Telli & Gürleyen, 2017).…”