Genetic and histopathological alterations induced by cypermethrin in rat kidney and liver: Protection by sesame oil

Abstract

Pesticides are widespread synthesized substances used for public health protection and agricultural programs. However, they cause environmental pollution and health hazards. This study aimed to examine the protective effects of sesame oil (SO) on the genetic alterations induced by cypermethrin (CYP) in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Male rats were divided into four groups, each containing 10 rats: the control group received vehicle, SO group (5 mL/kg b.w), CYP group (12 mg/kg b.w), and protective group received SO (5 mL/kg b.w) plus CYP (12 mg/kg b.w). Biochemical analysis showed an increase in albumin, urea, creatinine, GPT, GOT, and lipid profiles in the CYP group. Co-administration of SO with CYP normalized such biochemical changes. CYP administration decreased both the activity and mRNA expression of the examined antioxidants. SO co-administration recovered CYP, downregulating the expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Additionally, SO co-administration with CYP counteracted the CYP- altering the expression of renal interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), anigotensinogen (AGT), AGT receptors (AT1), and genes of hepatic glucose and fatty acids metabolism. CYP induced degenerative changes in the kidney and liver histology which are ameliorated by SO. In conclusion, SO has a protective effect against alterations and pathological changes induced by CYP in the liver and kidney at genetic and histological levels.

Oxidative stress and inflammation following sub-lethal oral exposure of cypermethrin in rats: mitigating potential of epicatechin

“…This is consistent with the results of Solimon et al. [48] where CYP induced the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF- α in rats. The increase observed in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in CYP-exposed rats thus implies the induction of inflammation by CYP exposure.…”

“…Elevated AOPP concentrations in the organs are also a pointer to the degree of damage done by CYP on the tissue protein components. These results further confirmed earlier reports implying the ability of CYP to cause increased ROS generation and oxidative damage in liver and kidney of rat [47, 48]. Bhushan et al.…”

“…[62] and Soliman et al. [48] Adjuncts in commercial formulations have been suggested to modify the overall effect of pesticides [63]. The commercial formulation of CYP used in our study in contrast with the active ingredient in other studies could have contributed to the differences observed.…”

Effects of Sesamin, the Major Furofuran Lignan of Sesame Oil, on the Amplitude and Gating of Voltage-Gated Na+ and K+ Currents

“…Sesame oil was shown to exert protective effects against cypermethrin-induced damage in genomic DNA and histopathological changes in the brain or hematotoxicities [13,43]. It was reported to prevent the deleterious effect of cypermethrin in rat liver and kidney [44,45]. The present observations showed that the SSM-mediated inhibition of I Na could be counteracted by a further application of tefluthrin, structurally similar to cypermethrin, suggesting that pyrethroid-induced neurotoxicity could be reversed by SSM or SesA.…”

Bifenthrin Induced Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Rats.

“…Our findings revealed that subacute intoxication of rats with bifenthrin caused significant elevations in serum BUN and creatinine levels. The nephrotoxic effects of other pyrethroids including cypermethrin and deltamethrin were previously reported (Gündüz et al, 2015;Soliman et al, 2015). BUN is produced from ammonia in liver and excreted by glomerular filtration.…”