Genetic and Genotype × Environment Interaction Analysis for Agronomical and Some Morphological Traits in Half‐Sib Families of Tall Fescue

Amini, Fatemeh; Majidi, Mohammad Mahdi; Mirlohi, Aghafakhr

doi:10.2135/cropsci2012.05.0277

Cited by 39 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Dry matter yield had significant and positive correlations with PH, IL, NS, and ProC under both moisture environments. According to previous studies by Majidi et al (2009) and Amini et al (2013) in tall fescue and Wilkins (1985) in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), plant dry matter yield is positively correlated with plant height. Turk and Celik (2006) observed significant and positive correlations among dry matter yield, number of stems per plant and plant height in sainfoin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Response to Drought Stress in Sainfoin: Within and Among Ecotype Variation

et al. 2015

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Ecotypes of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) have not been extensively studied, and knowledge about their variation is generally limited. In the present study, 100 sainfoin genotypes from 10 ecotypes were clonally propagated and evaluated under water‐stressed and nonstressed conditions for 2 yr. Among‐ and within‐ecotype variation plus heritability of agronomic, morphological, and physiological traits were estimated and the associations of traits were determined. For most of the measured traits among‐ and within‐ecotype effects were significant. The variance within ecotypes was at least four times higher for most of the measured traits when compared with variance among ecotypes. The within‐ecotype contribution was 67 to 71% for dry matter yield (DMY), 69% for number of stems per plant, and 69 to 91% for morphological traits. Large within‐ecotype variation for DMY and yield‐related traits could express yield stability across environments and maximize genetic progress per breeding cycle. The lowest heritability estimates were obtained for DMY and leaf‐to‐stem ratio, and the highest one was estimated for antioxidant activity and chlorophyll content. Water stress caused significant decrease in all measured traits except for carotenoid content, proline content, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activity. Genotypic differences for water‐stress tolerance identified in this study were mainly attributed to the ability of tolerant ecotypes to accumulate a greater amount of proline in their leaves in response to water stress. Dry matter yield had positive correlations with plant height, inflorescence length, number of stems per plant, and proline content under both moisture environments. On the basis of factor analysis, the first three factors in both environments were considered as “forage yield components,” “photosynthetic pigments,” and “antioxidant activity.” High within‐ecotype variation indicated the importance of selection within populations for suitable parental materials in sainfoin breeding. Baft was the best ecotype under both moisture environments in this respect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Correlations among traits have been estimated in many forage plants (Majidi et al, 2009;Amini et al, 2013;Araghi et al, 2014). In addition, selection could be practiced on a highly heritable trait that is correlated to a more complex trait such as yield with a lower heritability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Drought Stress in Sainfoin: Within and Among Ecotype Variation

et al. 2015

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“…In this study, different estimates of heritability were obtained for the S 1 and OP progenies and parental clones. Traits under complex genetic control, such as forage yield, have reportedly low to moderate heritability values, whereas high values have been obtained for others such as PH (Majidi et al, 2009;Amini et al, 2013;Araghi et al, 2014). In the S 1 progenies, moderate to high values of broad-sense heritability (>0.5) were recorded for DIE, DA, PH, NS, spread, and TDMY, whereas moderate to low values were measured for DMYC1, DMYC2, and MPDM.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of Inbreeding Effects in Smooth Bromegrass

2018

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Limited knowledge is available on the effects of deliberate selfing on morphological traits and genetic parameters in smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss). To gain an enhanced understanding of these effects, 25 parental clones of smooth bromegrass along with 25 full‐sib (S1) and 25 half‐sib (open‐pollinated [OP]) progenies were generated in 2012 and used to assess the consequences of first‐generation inbreeding during 2013 and 2014 in a field experiment. A high genetic variation was observed among and within the S1 and OP progenies and parental clones. Different levels of inbreeding depression were observed for traits of days to anthesis, plant height, spread, and dry matter yield. Principal component analysis separated lines into three groups roughly corresponding to S1, OP, and parental clones, indicating that changes in mating system could rapidly change the genetic structure of populations. Large genetic variations were observed for inbreeding depression among the parental clones. Heritabilities ranged from 0.16 for dry matter (%) to 0.85 for spreading ability. The self‐pollinated progenies exhibited a higher heritability than the other progenies. The high correlations of forage yield with plant height, number of shoots per plant, and spread make it possible to improve forage yield via indirect selection. Results indicated that the magnitude of inbreeding depression varied among the genotypes and traits. Therefore, selection for low inbreeding depression rates is possible in this species, which may facilitate development of inbred lines for future breeding studies.

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“…Synthetic varieties need a firm level of phenotypic homogeneity to pass variety trials and also a high level of heterozygosity to maximize adaptability and agronomic performance. Therefore, finding the optimal level of diversity in synthetic cultivars is very important (Amini et al, 2013). Molecular markers offer powerful tools for the analysis of genetic diversity independent of the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular marker assisted parental selection may allow optimization of parental combinations in order to maximize heterosis and to minimize inbreeding. In perennial ryegrass (Kölliker et al, 2005), tall fescue (Amini et al, 2013) selection of genetically diverse parents based on molecular markers was shown to lead to better agronomic performance in first and second generation progenies. Identifying varieties with salinity tolerance may offer opportunities for future breeding efforts and provide growers with increased flexibility for cultivation area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of salinity tolerance in polycross progenies of tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) S. J. Darbysh.)]

Amini¹,

Sadeghi²

2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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The effect of salinity on germination factors was evaluated for twenty five genotypes as the parents and first generation synthetic progenies (Syn1) of tall fescue. To produce polycross seeds, four groups of six parental plants with contrasting levels of diversity based on phenotypic traits and contrasting levels of AFLP molecular marker diversity constructed. An experimental factorial, in a randomized complete block design was conducted under five salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl). In each experiment 10 ml from salt solution was added to each Petri dish. Seeds were allowed to germinate at 25 ± 1°C for 14 days. Daily, final germination and emergence percentage, as well as germination and seedling emergence rate, and seedling fresh and dry weight were measured in the study under controlled and stress conditions in parental genotypes and also first generation progenies. The results showed that the differences between parents of populations were not significant for the evaluated traits but the effect of population in progenies were significant for all of the evaluated traits. It seems that the polycrosses of the parental genotypes gathered the positive genes in progenies and caused the significant increases in the evaluated traits such as germination percent, germination rate, fresh weight of leaf and radical length. HMD and LMD populations had the highest means for most of the evaluated traits such as germination percentage and germination rate in all stress and non-stress conditions. The parents of these population selected based on molecular markers diversities. The correlation between similarity matrix of parents based on molecular markers and the similarity matrix of first generation of progenies based on morphological traits was significant (r=0.35). The highest broad sense heritability was observed for fresh weight of radical in parents and progenies (70% and 80%), while the lowest was observed for radical length in both parents and progenies (13% and 15%). Our results demonstrate that molecular markers can be reliable tools to efficiently selecting parental genotypes and improving tall fescue breeding programs.

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Genetic and Genotype × Environment Interaction Analysis for Agronomical and Some Morphological Traits in Half‐Sib Families of Tall Fescue

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

Response to Drought Stress in Sainfoin: Within and Among Ecotype Variation

Response to Drought Stress in Sainfoin: Within and Among Ecotype Variation

Genetics of Inbreeding Effects in Smooth Bromegrass

Assessment of salinity tolerance in polycross progenies of tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) S. J. Darbysh.)]

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