Genetic and epigenetic associations to obesity‐related appetite phenotypes among <scp>A</scp>frican–<scp>A</scp>merican children

Gardner, Kathryn Regan; Sapienza, Carmen; Fisher, Jennifer O.

doi:10.1111/ijpo.12010

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Emotional overeating referred to eating when experiencing negative emotions or boredom (e.g., “My child eats more when anxious” “My child eats more when annoyed”) (Wardle et al, 2001). Lower levels of satiety responsiveness and higher levels of food responsiveness and emotional overeating have been associated with child weight status (Carnell & Wardle, 2008; Dornoff et al, 2015; Frankel et al, 2014; Gardner et al, 2015; Gross et al, 2016; Mallan et al, 2013; Santos et al, 2011; Sleddens et al, 2008; Spence et al, 2011; Viana et al, 2008; Webber et al, 2009). Responses were scored on a 1 to 5 scale (never to always).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caregiver reports of child food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and enjoyment of food are positively associated with child BMI, whereas reports of satiety responsiveness are negatively associated with child BMI. Thus, children who showed poor regulation of appetite based on maternal reports are at greater risk of having a higher BMI and/or becoming overweight/obese (Carnell & Wardle, 2008; Dornoff, Miller, Kaciroti, & Lumeg, 2015; Frankel et al, 2014; Gardner, Sapienza, & Fisher, 2015; Gross, Fox, Rudser, Foy, & Kelly, 2016; Mallan, Liu, Mehta, Daniels, & Magarey, 2013; Santos et al, 2011; Sleddens, Kremers, & Thijs, 2008; Spence, Carson, Casey, & Boule, 2011; Viana, Sinde, & Saxton, 2008; Webber, Hill, Saxton, Van, & Wardle, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latina mothers' influences on child appetite regulation

et al. 2016

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Parents influence child weight through interactions that shape the development of child eating behaviors. In this study we examined the association between maternal autonomy promoting serving practices and child appetite regulation. We predicted that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices would be positively associated with child appetite regulation. Participants were low-income Latino children—a group at high risk for the development of childhood obesity. A total of 186 low-income Latina mothers and their 4-5 year old children came to a laboratory on two separate days. On the first day, mothers and children chose foods for a meal from a buffet and were audio/videotaped so that maternal autonomy promoting serving practices could be later coded. On the second day, children completed the Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) task to measure child appetite regulation. Mothers also completed the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to measure other aspects of child appetite regulation (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness, and emotional overeating). Maternal autonomy promotion during serving was assessed using seven separate measures of child and maternal behavior. Principal components analyses of these serving measures yielded three components: allows child choice, child serves food, and mother does not restrict. Consistent with hypotheses, maternal autonomy promoting serving practices (i.e., allows child choice and does not restrict) were negatively associated with maternal reports of child food responsiveness and emotional overeating (CEBQ). The results for the EAH task were more complex—mothers who were autonomy promoting in their serving practices had children who ate the most in the absence of hunger, but this linear effect was moderated somewhat by quadratic effect, with moderate levels of autonomy promotion during serving associated with the greatest child EAH.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latina mothers' influences on child appetite regulation

et al. 2016

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“…In targeted analyses using bisulfite-sequenced DNA, promoter regions of genes known to be involved in obesity or its correlates, such as dyslipidemia or hyperglycemia [29,33,36–39,41,46] and regulatory regions of imprinted genes [40,42,45,51] were among the first epigenomic regions to be interrogated. Regulatory regions of genomically imprinted genes are characterized by parent-of-origin methylation that controls gene expression.…”

Section: Childhood Obesity and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from targeted analyses also support that obesity in children is associated with differential DNA methylation in the regulatory regions of multiple genes, some not imprinted. These include POMC, FAIM2, BDNF, HIF3A and the IGF2/H19 imprinted domain [29,32,33,36,37,41,42,45,46]. One study utilized a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches to evaluate the role of SOX6 in adipogenesis.…”

Section: Childhood Obesity and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, both cadmium and lead exposures have been shown to reduce the levels of BDNF [8,92.93], an obesity related gene that regulates energy balance [94]. Meanwhile, lower methylation of BDNF promoter in the salivary DNA of obese adolescents has also been reported [36] while increased adiposity is related to decreased levels of circulating BDNF [95]. Likewise, prenatal lead exposure results in decreased spontaneous motor activity, altered dopamine levels and obesity in adult male mice [69].…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms By Which Cadmium and Lead May Alter Obesimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epigenetics, Obesity and Early-Life Cadmium or Lead Exposure

et al. 2016

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Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease, which likely comprises multiple subtypes. Emerging data have linked chemical exposures to obesity. As organismal response to environmental exposures includes altered gene expression, identifying the regulatory epigenetic changes involved would be key to understanding the path from exposure to phenotype and provide new tools for exposure detection and risk assessment. In this report, we summarize published data linking early-life exposure to the heavy metals, cadmium and lead, to obesity. We also discuss potential mechanisms, as well as the need for complete coverage in epigenetic screening to fully identify alterations. The keys to understanding how metal exposure contributes to obesity are improved assessment of exposure and comprehensive establishment of epigenetic profiles that may serve as markers for exposures.

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An overview about DNA methylation in childhood obesity: Characteristics of the studies and main findings

Lima

Gomes

Moreira

2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Childhood obesity is a global burden affecting millions of children worldwide. It is well-known that the adiposity profile in children is critical for future occurrence of diseases. As a multifactorial disease, obesity is associated with genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms link the plethora of environmental clues to a given phenotype. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mark and its importance in several diseases was acknowledged. In childhood obesity, specifically, the studies show a consistent association between adiposity and methylation at the gene and genome-wide scales. The relationship between DNA methylation and childhood obesity has been proved strong for some genes and pathways. However, the studies are heterogeneous in their design, methodologies, and results. The aim of this review is to discuss this heterogeneity and point out some aspects that should be considered in future studies to clarify the role of DNA methylation in childhood obesity. K E Y W O R D Sadiposity, body mass, childhood obesity, DNA methylation, epigenetics

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Genetic and epigenetic associations to obesity‐related appetite phenotypes among African–American children

Abstract: The findings provide new evidence of epigenetic associations with altered appetite among young African-American girls.

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Latina mothers' influences on child appetite regulation

Latina mothers' influences on child appetite regulation

Epigenetics, Obesity and Early-Life Cadmium or Lead Exposure

An overview about DNA methylation in childhood obesity: Characteristics of the studies and main findings

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