Genetic and environmental influences on third molar root mineralization

Trakiniené, Giedrė; Andriuškevičiūtė, Irena; Šalomskienė, Loreta; Vasiliauskas, Arūnas; Trakinis, Tomas; Šidlauskas, Antanas

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.026

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Most of this variation may be genetic, with environmental factors exerting a lesser influence [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Thus, mineralization of third molars is not a good choice for age estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can canines alone be used for age estimation in Chinese individuals when applying the Kvaal method?

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Forensic Sciences Research

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Due to the secondary dentin formation, the dental pulp undergoes changes in shape throughout life. Based on this phenomenon, the Kvaal method has been applied to various populations for age estimation, and its usefulness has been verified. When applying the Kvaal method to Chinese subjects, we observed a relatively strong correlation between mandibular canines and age. This study notes the correlation between canines and chronological age and is the first to identify which canine is most closely related to chronological age. In addition, a new, simpler formula is determined based on canines according to Kvaal's methodology. The radiographs of 360 individuals from northern China were selected, from which the widths and lengths of the pulp from four canines were measured according to the Kvaal method. Next, inter-and intra-observer reliabilities were analyzed in order to assess the repeatability of these measurements. The correlation between measurements and age was examined, and Chinese-specific age estimation formulae were derived. The results revealed that the ratios from the left maxillary canine exhibited the strongest correlation with age compared to the other canines, whereas the left mandibular canine showed the weakest correlation, which may contribute to the overall poor correlation of mandibular canines with age. What's more, the formula derived from the left maxillary canine in this study displayed the highest coefficients of determination, and the formula derived from all canines showed the lowest residuals. Both of these formulae performed better than the Chinese-specific formula derived from six different types of teeth in our previous study, which had formerly possessed the highest coefficients of determination and the lowest residuals. Thus, we concluded that canines do play an important role in age estimation in the Chinese population, and the correlation between maxillary canines and chronological age is stronger than that of mandibular canines, although no distinct trend as to which side is better correlated with age was established. Going forward, we recommend the analysis of additional samples from different geographical regions and populations to further verify the importance of canines in age estimation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can canines alone be used for age estimation in Chinese individuals when applying the Kvaal method?

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Forensic Sciences Research

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“…Last, it is important to know that the association signal in the discovery sample explained only 1% of the variance in radiographic DD. Based on a twin study, it was reported that two-thirds of the variation in the mineralization of the root of third molars can be attributed to genetic effects, while one-third can be attributed to environmental components (Trakinienė et al 2019). In other words, environmental factors (such as nutrition, different diseases, and BMI) have an important impact on DD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Genetic Determinants of Dental Maturation in Children

et al. 2022

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Dental occlusion requires harmonious development of teeth, jaws, and other elements of the craniofacial complex, which are regulated by environmental and genetic factors. We performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) on dental development (DD) using the Demirjian radiographic method. Radiographic assessments from participants of the Generation R Study (primary study population, N1 = 2,793; mean age of 9.8 y) were correlated with ~30 million genetic variants while adjusting for age, sex, and genomic principal components (proxy for population stratification). Variants associated with DD at genome-wide significant level ( P < 5 × 10−8) mapped to 16q12.2 ( IRX5) (lead variant rs3922616, B = 0.16; P = 2.2 × 10−8). We used Fisher’s combined probability tests weighted by sample size to perform a meta-analysis ( N = 14,805) combining radiographic DD at a mean age of 9.8 y from Generation R with data from a previous GWAS ( N2 = 12,012) on number of teeth (NT) in infants used as proxy of DD at a mean age of 9.8 y (including the ALSPAC and NFBC1966). This GWAS meta-analysis revealed 3 novel loci mapping to 7p15.3 ( IGF2BP3: P = 3.2 × 10−8), 14q13.3 ( PAX9: P = 1.9 × 10−8), and 16q12.2 ( IRX5: P = 1.2 × 10−9) and validated 8 previously reported NT loci. A polygenic allele score constructed from these 11 loci was associated with radiographic DD in an independent Generation R set of children ( N = 703; B = 0.05, P = 0.004). Furthermore, profiling of the identified genes across an atlas of murine and human stem cells observed expression in the cells involved in the formation of bone and/or dental tissues (>0.3 frequency per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads), likely reflecting functional specialization. Our findings provide biological insight into the polygenic architecture of the pediatric dental maturation process.

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“…Due to the heritable formation of dental morphology and crown shape, closely related individuals are more similar to one another than those sharing fewer ancestors in common (Turner et al 1992;Scott and Turner 1997;Hlusko et al 2002;Hlusko and Mahaney 2003;Scott and Irish 2013;Paul and Stojanowski 2015;Scott et al 2018;Stojanowski et al 2018;Trakinienė et al 2019). This estimate of affinity is imperfect however, as crown form is also subject to extrinsic factors during development (Scott et al 2018).…”

Section: Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing maxillary first molar crown shape using elliptical Fourier analysis in the Late Neolithic cave burials of Belgium

Bryan

Williams

2021

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The Belgian Meuse karstic basin holds more than 200 Late Neolithic collective burials. Four of the largest include Hastière Caverne M, Hastière Trou Garçon C, Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame. The remains from these caves are commingled and fragmentary. However, in situ maxillary molars are well preserved permitting an investigation of molar crown shape within and across sites. Crown outlines from the burials are compared using elliptical Fourier analysis to capture shape distinctions in the relatively numerous first maxillary molars (n = 27). Elliptical Fourier analysis is designed to compare deviations between each shape outline and an idealized ellipse, recorded as amplitudes of the harmonics which are reduced to principal components (PC) scores. We expect individuals from each site will be more similar to one another than to other internments in PC scores, and that the sites will be distributed along PC axes according to differences in chronology and geographic location. Principal components analysis reveals that individuals tend to cluster together based on cave burial as well as time period. Geographic distance only differentiates the final/late Neolithic cave burials. The earliest of the sites, Hastière Caverne M, is distinctive and includes multiple outliers. Hastière Trou Garçon C from earlier in the Late Neolithic does not cluster with Hastière Caverne M as expected. Instead, this cave burial groups with Sclaigneaux, the most geographically distant site but chronologically the closest to Hastière Trou Garçon C. Although the limited sample sizes for each site must be considered, it appears that early farmers of the Belgian Meuse basin exhibited intricate human population dynamics which may have included small, semi-isolated groups early in the Late Neolithic and larger communities with greater contact toward the onset of the northern European Bronze Age.

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Genetic and environmental influences on third molar root mineralization

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Can canines alone be used for age estimation in Chinese individuals when applying the Kvaal method?

Can canines alone be used for age estimation in Chinese individuals when applying the Kvaal method?

Novel Genetic Determinants of Dental Maturation in Children

Comparing maxillary first molar crown shape using elliptical Fourier analysis in the Late Neolithic cave burials of Belgium

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