Genetic and cytogenetic analysis of the American cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract

The American eastern cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata, a pest of cherries in the western hemisphere, invaded Europe in 1983, and since then dispersed to several European countries. Information on the genetics and cytogenetics of this pest is very scarce. The mitotic karyotype and detailed photographic maps of the salivary gland polytene chromosomes of R. cingulata are presented here. The mitotic metaphase complement consists of six pairs of chromosomes with the sex chromosomes being very small and similar in size. The analysis of the salivary gland polytene complement shows a total number of five long chromosomes (10 polytene arms), which correspond to the five autosomes of the mitotic nuclei and an extrachromosomal heterochromatic mass, which corresponds to the sex chromosomes. The banding patterns and the most characteristic features and prominent landmarks of each polytene chromosome are presented and discussed. Chromosomal homologies between R. cingulata, R. completa and R. cerasi are also proposed, based on the comparison of chromosome banding patterns. Furthermore, the detection and characterization of Wolbachia pipientis in the R. cingulata population studied is presented and the potential correlation with the asynaptic phenomena found in its polytene complement is discussed. In addition, 10 out of 24 microsatellite markers developed for other Rhagoletis species are cross-amplified, evaluated and proposed as useful markers for population and genetic studies in R. cingulata.

Cytogenetic and symbiont analysis of five members of the B. dorsalis complex (Diptera, Tephritidae): no evidence of chromosomal or symbiont-based speciation events

“…In this study, the form A mitotic karyotype was verified for Bactrocera dorsalis s.s. , and polytene chromosome map for this species was constructed, which includes 10 polytene arms. These arms correspond to the autosomes, which is consistent with the already described non-polytenization of the sex chromosomes in Tephritidae (Zacharopoulou 1990, Mavragani-Tsipidou et al 1992, Zhao et al 1998, Garcia-Martinez et al 2009, Drosopoulou et al 2010, Zacharopoulou et al 2011a, Zacharopoulou et al 2011b, Drosopoulou et al 2011a, Drosopoulou et al 2011b, Drosopoulou et al 2012). Recently, a more extended cytogenetic analysis was performed (Augustinos et al 2014b), shedding more light on the resolution of the species limits of the five taxa described before.…”

“…However, useful polytene chromosome maps, so far available for five genera, represent only 11 species: one of Anastrepha ( Anastrepha ludens ) (Garcia-Martinez et al 2009), one of Ceratitis ( Ceratitis capitata ) (Zacharopoulou 1990), one of Dacus ( Dacus ciliatus ) (Drosopoulou et al 2011b) and three of Rhagoletis , namely Rhagoletis cerasi (Kounatidis et al 2008), Rhagoletis cingulata (Drosopoulou et al 2011a) and Rhagoletis completa (Drosopoulou et al 2010). The genus Bactrocera can be regarded as the best studied so far, including four species of three different subgenera.…”

“…More importantly, it is a well-documented example of the implication of Wolbachia in restriction in gene flow and enhancement of incompatibility between natural populations of the species (Riegler and Stauffer 2002). Other Rhagoletis species that seem to have persistent and multiple strain infections (although less populations are studied) are Rhagoletis pomonella (Schuler et al 2011) and Rhagoletis cingulata (Drosopoulou et al 2011a, Schuler et al 2013), along with some Rhagoletis species of Japan (Coats et al 2013). Outside Rhagoletis , the only species demonstrating persistent Wolbachia infections is Anastrepha fraterculus , (Selivon et al 2002, Cáceres et al 2009, Coscrato et al 2009, Marcon et al 2011, Martinez et al 2012).…”

Trapping and the Detection, Control, and Regulation of Tephritid Fruit Flies

“…However, the Ethiopian fruit fly, D. ciliatus (Loew), a cucurbit-attacking species native to the sub-Saharan Africa, has dispersed to many countries of southeast Asia, Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen and has more recently spread to Israel and Jordan (White 2006;Drosopoulou et al 2011). This species is also present in some …”

Wolbachia in guilds of Anastrepha fruit flies (Tephritidae) and parasitoid wasps (Braconidae)

“…Among the frugivorous tephritid flies, Wolbachia was found to infect species of the genera Rhagoletis (Riegler and Stauffer, 2002; Schuler et al , 2009, 2011, 2013; Arthofer et al , 2009; Drosopoulou et al , 2011; Augustinos et al , 2014), Bactrocera (Kittayapong et al , 2000; Jamnongluk et al , 2002; Liu et al , 2006; Sun et al , 2007; Morrow et al , 2014, 2015), Dacus (Kittayapong et al , 2000), Ceratitis (Rocha et al. , 2005), and Anastrepha (Werren et al , 1995; Selivon et al , 2002; Coscrato, et al , 2009; Cáceres et al , 2009; Marcon et al , 2011; Martínez et al , 2012).…”