Genetic and biochemical evidence for involvement of HOTHEAD in the biosynthesis of long-chain α-,ω-dicarboxylic fatty acids and formation of extracellular matrix

Kurdyukov, Sergey; Faust, Andréa; Trenkamp, Sandra; Bär, Sascha; Franke, Rochus; Efremova, Nadia; Tietjen, Klaus; Schreiber, Lukas; Saedler, Heinz; Yephremov, Alexander

doi:10.1007/s00425-005-0215-7

Cited by 160 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…S4). OsNP1 belongs to group A, represented by the Arabidopsis protein At1g72970, which was proposed to act as a long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) ω-alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzing the biosynthesis of long-chain α-,ω-dicarboxylic FAs (15). α-,ω-dicarboxylic FAs were proposed to participate in the cross-linking of surface cutin (15).…”

Section: -L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

Chang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

207

229

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The breeding and large-scale adoption of hybrid seeds is an important achievement in agriculture. Rice hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic male sterile lines or photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) as female parent. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines are propagated via cross-pollination by corresponding maintainer lines, whereas PTGMS lines are propagated via self-pollination under environmental conditions restoring male fertility. Despite huge successes, both systems have their intrinsic drawbacks. Here, we constructed a rice male sterility system using a nuclear gene named Oryza sativa No Pollen 1 (OsNP1). OsNP1 encodes a putative glucose–methanol–choline oxidoreductase regulating tapetum degeneration and pollen exine formation; it is specifically expressed in the tapetum and miscrospores. The osnp1 mutant plant displays normal vegetative growth but complete male sterility insensitive to environmental conditions. OsNP1 was coupled with an α-amylase gene to devitalize transgenic pollen and the red fluorescence protein (DsRed) gene to mark transgenic seed and transformed into the osnp1 mutant. Self-pollination of the transgenic plant carrying a single hemizygous transgene produced nontransgenic male sterile and transgenic fertile seeds in 1:1 ratio that can be sorted out based on the red fluorescence coded by DsRed. Cross-pollination of the fertile transgenic plants to the nontransgenic male sterile plants propagated the male sterile seeds of high purity. The male sterile line was crossed with ∼1,200 individual rice germplasms available. Approximately 85% of the F1s outperformed their parents in per plant yield, and 10% out-yielded the best local cultivars, indicating that the technology is promising in hybrid rice breeding and production.

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Section: -L)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

Chang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

207

229

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“…Chemical analysis indicated that the Arabidopsis hth mutant has wild-type wax levels but abnormal cutin quantity and composition. Specifically, it has decreased levels of dicarboxylic acids and increased amounts of v-hydroxy acids, leading the authors to suggest that HTH may have a role in the oxidation of v-hydroxy fatty acids to the dicarboxylic acid cutin monomers that are characteristic of Arabidopsis stem and leaf cuticles (Kurdyukov et al, 2006b). As dicarboxylic acid cutin monomers are unusually abundant in Arabidopsis, it will be interesting to see whether HTH-related proteins are as essential to cuticle formation in other species where this class of monomers is scarce.…”

Section: Enigmatic Factors In Cuticle Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation and Function of Plant Cuticles

2013

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The plant cuticle is an extracellular hydrophobic layer that covers the aerial epidermis of all land plants, providing protection against desiccation and external environmental stresses. The past decade has seen considerable progress in assembling models for the biosynthesis of its two major components, the polymer cutin and cuticular waxes. Most recently, two breakthroughs in the long-sought molecular bases of alkane formation and polyester synthesis have allowed construction of nearly complete biosynthetic pathways for both waxes and cutin. Concurrently, a complex regulatory network controlling the synthesis of the cuticle is emerging. It has also become clear that the physiological role of the cuticle extends well beyond its primary function as a transpiration barrier, playing important roles in processes ranging from development to interaction with microbes. Here, we review recent progress in the biochemistry and molecular biology of cuticle synthesis and function and highlight some of the major questions that will drive future research in this field.

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“…In the last few years, the list of genes of cutin biosynthesis in A. thaliana has grown significantly (12,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). These genes have been shown to affect monomers of stems, leaves, or seeds, but none has been demonstrated to affect the synthesis of the cutin layer in floral organs on the basis of a chemical analysis of cutin.…”

Section: Identification Of Arabidopsis Mutants Lacking Flower Nanoridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoridges that characterize the surface morphology of flowers require the synthesis of cutin polyester

Li‐Beisson

Pollard

Sauveplane

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

234

252

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Distinctive nanoridges on the surface of flowers have puzzled plant biologists ever since their discovery over 75 years ago. Although postulated to help attract insect pollinators, the function, chemical nature, and ontogeny of these surface nanostructures remain uncertain. Studies have been hampered by the fact that no ridgeless mutants have been identified. Here, we describe two mutants lacking nanoridges and define the biosynthetic pathway for 10,16-dihydroxypalmitate, a major cutin monomer in nature. Using gene expression profiling, two candidates for the formation of floral cutin were identified in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana: the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6 (GPAT6) and a member of a cytochrome P450 family with unknown biological function (CYP77A6). Plants carrying null mutations in either gene produced petals with no nanoridges and no cuticle could be observed by either scanning or transmission electron microscopy. A strong reduction in cutin content was found in flowers of both mutants. In planta overexpression suggested GPAT6 preferentially uses palmitate derivatives in cutin synthesis. Comparison of cutin monomer profiles in knockouts for CYP77A6 and the fatty acid -hydroxylase CYP86A4 provided genetic evidence that CYP77A6 is an in-chain hydroxylase acting subsequently to CYP86A4 in the synthesis of 10,16-dihydroxypalmitate. Biochemical activity of CYP77A6 was demonstrated by production of dihydroxypalmitates from 16-hydroxypalmitate, using CYP77A6-expressing yeast microsomes. These results define the biosynthetic pathway for an abundant and widespread monomer of the cutin polyester, show that the morphology of floral surfaces depends on the synthesis of cutin, and identify target genes to investigate the function of nanoridges in flower biology.10,16-dihydroxypalmitic acid ͉ cuticular ridges ͉ CYP77A6 ͉ CYP86A4 ͉ glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6

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Genetic and biochemical evidence for involvement of HOTHEAD in the biosynthesis of long-chain α-,ω-dicarboxylic fatty acids and formation of extracellular matrix

Cited by 160 publications

References 46 publications

Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

The Formation and Function of Plant Cuticles

Nanoridges that characterize the surface morphology of flowers require the synthesis of cutin polyester

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