Genetic and agronomic evaluation of short-season Quality Protein Maize

Spaner, Dean; Mather, D. E.; Hamilton, R. I.

doi:10.4141/cjps92-143

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The QPM inbred lines used in this study were developed from conversion of a variety of mid-altitude normal endosperm inbred lines and OPVs to QPM and this explained the observed large genetic variability for various traits. This result is consistent with reports of genetic variability in tropical and temperate QPM germplasm (Spaner et al 1992 ; Vasal et al 1993a ; Pixley and Bjarnason 1993 ; Bhatnagar et al 2004 ; Musila et al 2010 ; Badu-Apraku and Lum 2010 ; Badu-Apraku et al 2016 ) and in opaque-2 types (Motto et al 1978 ; Wessel-Beaver et al 1985 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important source of carbohydrates and protein in the diet in sub-Saharan Africa. The objectives of this study were to (i) estimate general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) of 13 new quality protein maize (QPM) lines in a diallel under stress and non-stress conditions, (ii) compare observed and predicted performance of QPM hybrids, (iii) characterize genetic diversity among the 13 QPM lines using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and assess the relationship between genetic distance and hybrid performance, and (iv) assess diversity and population structure in 116 new QPM inbred lines as compared to eight older tropical QPM lines and 15 non-QPM lines. The GCA and SCA effects were significant for most traits under optimal conditions, indicating that both additive and non-additive genetic effects were important for inheritance of the traits. Additive genetic effects appeared to govern inheritance of most traits under optimal conditions and across environments. Non-additive genetic effects were more important for inheritance of grain yield but additive effects controlled most agronomic traits under drought stress conditions. Inbred lines CKL08056, CKL07292, and CKL07001 had desirable GCA effects for grain yield across drought stress and non-stress conditions. Prediction efficiency for grain yield was highest under optimal conditions. The classification of 139 inbred lines with 95 SNPs generated six clusters, four of which contained 10 or fewer lines, and 16 lines of mixed co-ancestry. There was good agreement between Neighbor Joining dendrogram and Structure classification. The QPM lines used in the diallel were nearly uniformly spread throughout the dendrogram. There was no relationship between genetic distance and grain yield in either the optimal or stressed environments in this study. The genetic diversity in mid-altitude maize germplasm is ample, and the addition of the QPM germplasm did not increase it measurably.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, correlations found in this study between expansion volume and agronomic traits were negative, as has been observed multiple times (Brunson, 1937;Dofing et al, 1991;Ziegler and Ashman, 1994;Pereira and Amaral Júnior, 2001;Daros et al, 2002;Li et al, 2002Li et al, , 2007Li et al, , 2008Li et al, , 2009Dhliwayo, 2008). The genetic repeatability estimate for 100-grain weight was found at 0.683, a similar estimate to that found previously (Spaner et al, 1992). Likewise, the genetic repeatability estimate for EV was 0.582, in agreement with previous studies suggesting heritabilities of 0.61, 0.59, and 0.58 (Vasic et al, 2001;Coimbra et al, 2002; Supplementary Table S3).…”

Section: Improved Agronomics Of Quality Protein Popcorn Hybridssupporting

confidence: 90%

Production and Selection of Quality Protein Popcorn Hybrids Using a Novel Ranking System and Combining Ability Estimates

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Popcorn varieties are agronomically sub-optimal and genetically limited compared to other maize subspecies. To increase genetic diversity and improve popcorn agronomics, dent germplasm has been introduced to popcorn with limited success and generally, major loss of popping. Between 2013 and 2018, 12 Quality Protein Popcorn (QPP) inbreds containing Quality Protein Maize (QPM) and popcorn germplasm were produced that maintained popping while carrying the opaque-2 allele conferring elevated kernel lysine. This is an opportune trait in the growing market for healthier snacks and a model for mining QPM traits into popcorn. We crossed QPP inbreds to explore the effects of heterosis on popcorn protein, popping quality, and plant agronomics and selected hybrids for further production. To rank and intermediately prescreen hybrids, we utilized a novel hybrid-ranking model adapted from a rank summation index while examining the inbred general combining ability and hybrid specific combining ability estimates for all traits. We observed a biological manifestation of heterosis by categorizing hybrids by pedigree that resulted in a stepwise progression of trait improvement. These results corroborated our hybrid selection and offered insight in basic heterosis research. Estimates for popcorn quality and agronomic trait covariances also suggest the synergistic introgression of highly vitreous dent maize (QPM) into popcorn, providing a likely explanation for the successfully maintained vitreous endosperm, protein quality and popping traits in line with a remodeled proteome. QPP hybrids maintained improved amino acid profiles although different popping methods variably affected popcorn's protein bound and free amino acid levels. This preliminary screening of QPP hybrids is enabling further quantitative selection for large-scale, complex trait comparison to currently marketed elite popcorn varieties.

show abstract

“…This germplasm line was subsequently inbred to the S5 generation at the Plant Research Centre, Ottawa, and resulted in the new QPM-C13 genotype containing the highlysine opaque-2 gene and modifier genes that favor improved kernel characteristics. Agronomic performance and superior combining ability studies on QPM-C13 and other lines were carried out by Spaner et al (1992) at three different locations in eastern Canada.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%