Genetic analysis of the<i>Paramecium aurelia</i>species complex (Protozoa: Ciliophora) by classical and molecular methods

Przyboś, Ewa; Prajer, M; Greczek-Stachura, Magdalena; Skotarczak, Bogumiła; Maciejewska, Agnieszka; Tarcz, Sebastian

doi:10.1017/s1477200007002307

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In P. novaurelia all European strains were characterized with one variant of PFGE profile—“ P. novaurelia type,” while the strain from the United States had PFGE profile of the “ P. primaurelia type” (Nekrasova et al 2008). In P. decaurelia two variants of PFGE profile were observed: the “ P. primaurelia type” was specific for the strain from Japan while three strains originating from remote parts of Russia had “ P. novaurelia type.” This is in good agreement with molecular data obtained for these P. decaurelia strains: according to the results of a RAPD analysis, the Japanese strain was close to the American one (not analyzed by us) while two of our Russian strains (the third one was not analyzed in that work) formed another cluster (Przyboś et al 2007a, b). …”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, it is worth noting that the shared “ P. novaurelia type” of PFGE profile was observed only in the strains originating from Eurasia not including Japan. Comparative molecular analysis showed several separate clusters within P. decaurelia and P. dodecaurelia (Przyboś et al 2007a, b, 2008), and this clustering corresponds well to the grouping of the strains within these species by PFGE analysis. It might be that speciation is going on within these two species, and it is tempting to check this intriguing hypothesis.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…Thus, results of our PFGE analysis for P. dodecaurelia match well the sequencing data and seem to be related to the geographic origin of the strains. Paramecium dodecaurelia is the most polymorphic species according to the molecular data with intraspecific differentiation going on, though reproductive barriers were not observed among different genotypes within this species (Przyboś et al 2005, 2007a, b, 2008; Tarcz et al 2006). Our data support the view that this species could be further subdivided into a number of subspecies (Tarcz et al 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Electrophoretic Karyotype Polymorphism of Sibling Species of the Paramecium aurelia Complex

Nekrasova¹,

Przyboś²,

Rautian³

et al. 2010

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Variability of karyotypes is one of the main mechanisms of speciation in organisms. Electrophoretic karyotypes of the macronucleus (MAC) obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were compared for 86 strains of all 15 sibling species of the Paramecium aurelia complex in order to determine if karyotype differences corresponded to biological species boundaries. Because the electrophoretic karyotype of the MAC reflects indirectly the frequency and distribution of fragmentation sites in the micronuclear (MIC) chromosomes, any change in MAC electrophoretic karyotype may be a marker of certain chromosomal mutations in the MIC. Thirteen main variants of electrophoretic MAC karyotypes were observed in this species complex. Ten of them appeared to correspond to biological species, while the three other variants characterized several species each. Intraspecific polymorphism was observed for several species: in some cases a certain variant of MAC karyotype was specific for all strains from the same part of the world. Distribution of the MAC karyotype variants along molecular phylogenetic trees of the P. aurelia complex shows that isolation of each species or group of species of this complex was accompanied by divergence in the molecular organization of the genome.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

supporting

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Electrophoretic Karyotype Polymorphism of Sibling Species of the Paramecium aurelia Complex

Nekrasova¹,

Przyboś²,

Rautian³

et al. 2010

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…Thus, it appears that the determinant for mating type E evolved as a derivative of that for mating type O, and that each determinant has subsequently diversified across species. Weak mating reactions observed between closely‐related species (Murakami & Haga, 1995; Przybos et al. , 2007) confirm the homology of mating determinants between species and suggest recent speciation and ongoing diversification of mating type determinants.…”

Section: Mating Type Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Rapid diversification of mating systems in ciliates

Phadke¹,

Zufall²

2009

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

111

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Ciliates are a diverse group of microbial eukaryotes that exhibit tremendous variety in several aspects of their mating systems. To understand the evolutionary forces driving mating system diversification in ciliates, we use a comparative approach synthesizing data from many ciliate species in light of recent phylogenetic analyses. Specifically, we investigate the evolution of number of mating types, mode of mating type inheritance, and the molecular determinants of mating types across the taxonomic diversity of ciliates, with an emphasis on three well-studied genera: Tetrahymena, Paramecium, and Euplotes. We find that there have been many transitions in the number of mating types, and that the requirement of nuclear reorganization may be a more important factor than genetic exchange in determining the optimum number of mating types in a species. We also find that the molecular determinants of mating types and mode of inheritance are evolving under different constraints in different lineages of ciliates. Our results emphasize the need for further detailed examination of mating systems in understudied ciliate lineages.

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“…Although P. aurelia was originally classified as a single morphological species in 1773 by O.F. Müller, Sonneborn’s observations suggested that its various strains did not constitute a single species (Pryzboś et al 2007; Sonneborn 1938; Sonneborn 1957a). While the Paramecium aurelia cells are morphologically indistinguishable, Sonneborn found that the lineages belonged to one of fourteen subgroups.…”

Section: Sonneborn and The Paramecium Aurelia Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the nature of species: insights from Paramecium and other ciliates

Hall

Katz

2011

Genetica

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The multiple species concepts currently in use by the scientific community (e.g. Morphological, Biological, Phylogenetic) are united in that they all aim to capture the process of divergence between populations. For example, the Biological Species Concept (BSC) defines a species as a natural group of organisms that is reproductively isolated from other such groups. Here we synthesize nearly a century of research on the ciliate genus Paramecium that highlights the shortcomings of our prevailing notions on the nature of species. In this lineage, there is discordance between morphology, mating behavior, and genetics, features assumed to be correlated, at least after sufficient time has passed, under all species concepts. Intriguingly, epigenetic phenomena are well documented in ciliates where they influence features such as germline/soma differentiation and mating type determination. Consequently, we hypothesize that divergence within ciliate populations is due to a dynamic interaction between genetic and epigenetic factors. The growing list of examples of epigenetic phenomena that potentially impact speciation (i.e. by influencing the dynamics of sex chromosomes, fate of hybrids, zygotic drive and genomic conflicts) suggests that interactions between genetics and epigenetics may also drive divergence in other eukaryotic lineages.

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Genetic analysis of theParamecium aureliaspecies complex (Protozoa: Ciliophora) by classical and molecular methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Electrophoretic Karyotype Polymorphism of Sibling Species of the Paramecium aurelia Complex

Electrophoretic Karyotype Polymorphism of Sibling Species of the Paramecium aurelia Complex

Rapid diversification of mating systems in ciliates

On the nature of species: insights from Paramecium and other ciliates

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