Genetic analysis of <i>ad‐3</i> mutants induced by AF‐2 and two other nitrofurans in neurospora crassa

Ong, Tong‐man; Serres, Frederick J. de

doi:10.1002/em.2860030206

Environ. mutagen

1981

DOI: 10.1002/em.2860030206

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Genetic analysis of ad‐3 mutants induced by AF‐2 and two other nitrofurans in neurospora crassa

Tong‐man Ong

Frederick J. de Serres

Abstract: Our previous studies have shown that the nitrofurans AF-2, SQ18506, and FANFT are potent mutagens in Neurospora crassa. The genetic damage produced by these chemicals at the ad-3 region in N crassa has been characterized by a series of genetic tests. The results of these tests indicate that all three agents induce a high frequency of point mutations and probably a low frequency of multilocus deletions. A comparison of the complementation patterns among the AF-2--induced ad-3B mutants and those induced by other… Show more

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1992

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Cited by 10 publications

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Characteristics of spontaneous and induced specific‐locus mutation in the ad‐3 region of neurospora crassa: Utilization in genetic risk assessment

Serres

1992

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Data from experiments on the induction of specific-locus mutations in model systems are utilized in genetic risk assessment to estimate potential adverse effects in the human population. In such assessments with radiation or chemical mutagens, the following information is required: (1) spontaneous and induced forward-mutation frequencies, (2) dose-response curves for the overall induction of specific-locus mutations, (3) genetic characterization of spontaneous and induced mutations, and (4) dose-response curves for the different genotypic classes. Specific-locus assays in most eukaryote assay systems provide only portions of the information required for genetic risk assessment. In recognition of the need for a more comprehensive data base, a model system was developed for specific-locus studies in Neurospora crassa. The adenine-3 (ad-3) specific-locus assay was modeled after the 2 gene, morphological specific-locus assay in the dilute-short-ear region of the mouse, and it detects forward-mutations at two closely linked loci: ad-3A and ad-3B. The ad-3 assay system has provided precise dose-response curves not only for inactivation, but also the overall induction of ad-3 mutations. The utilization of this assay in experiments with radiation or chemical mutagens has provided a data base on the induction and genetic characterization of specific-locus mutations that is unique among eukaryotic organisms. In this assay, gene/point mutations, multilocus deletion mutations, and 3 different classes of multiple-locus mutations can be identified. The latter consist of specific-locus mutations associated with recessive lethal mutations located either closely linked to the ad-3 region or elsewhere in the genome. The overall data base on the heterozygous effects of X-ray-induced ad-3 mutations demonstrates that such effects are allele specific, genotype specific, and locus specific. There are probably a variety of mechanisms by which the heterozygous effects of individual allelic mutations at different genetic loci can be affected. In conclusion, unless the frequencies of all of the different classes of induced specific-locus mutations are determined, and utilized in genetic risk assessment exercises, the risk of human exposure to environmental mutagens may be grossly underestimated.

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Characteristics of spontaneous and induced specific‐locus mutation in the ad‐3 region of neurospora crassa: Utilization in genetic risk assessment

Serres

1992

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Mutagenicity of nitrofuran derivatives: Review

McCalla

1983

Environ. mutagen

160

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High proportion of multi-locus deletions among hycanthone-induced X-linked recessive lethals in Drosophila melanogaster

Kramers

Schalet

Parádi

et al. 1983

Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutag

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Genetic analysis of ad‐3 mutants induced by AF‐2 and two other nitrofurans in neurospora crassa

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Characteristics of spontaneous and induced specific‐locus mutation in the ad‐3 region of neurospora crassa: Utilization in genetic risk assessment

Characteristics of spontaneous and induced specific‐locus mutation in the ad‐3 region of neurospora crassa: Utilization in genetic risk assessment

Mutagenicity of nitrofuran derivatives: Review

High proportion of multi-locus deletions among hycanthone-induced X-linked recessive lethals in Drosophila melanogaster

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