Genetic analysis of genome sequence characteristics of two lumpy skin disease viruses isolated from China

Li, Lin; Wang, Zhenzhong; Qi, Chuanxiang; Liu, Shan; Gong, Maolian; Li, Jinming; Wu, Xiaodong; Wang, Zhiliang

doi:10.1186/s12917-022-03525-9

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…All currently detected recombinant field strains belong to Cluster 2.5. These strains were first detected in Western China in (2019) [ 55 , 56 ] and afterwards spread rapidly in East and Southeast Asia. These dispersals may have occurred on two separate occasions as indicated by the phylogeny ( Figure 1 B) and the decomposed network ( Figure 2 C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Genome Sequence Analysis: Putative Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology, Single Gene versus Whole Genome Phylogeny and Genomic Evolution

Breteler

Haegeman

Krešić

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Lumpy Skin Disease virus is a poxvirus from the genus Capripox that mainly affects bovines and it causes severe economic losses to livestock holders. The Lumpy Skin Disease virus is currently dispersing in Asia, but little is known about detailed phylogenetic relations between the strains and genome evolution. We reconstructed a whole-genome-sequence (WGS)-based phylogeny and compared it with single-gene-based phylogenies. To study population and spatiotemporal patterns in greater detail, we reconstructed networks. We determined that there are strains from multiple clades within the previously defined cluster 1.2 that correspond with recorded outbreaks across Eurasia and South Asia (Indian subcontinent), while strains from cluster 2.5 spread in Southeast Asia. We concluded that using only a single gene (cheap, fast and easy to routinely use) for sequencing lacks phylogenetic and spatiotemporal resolution and we recommend to create at least one WGS whenever possible. We also found that there are three gene regions, highly variable, across the genome of LSDV. These gene regions are located in the 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of the LSDV genome and they encode genes that are involved in immune evasion strategies of the virus. These may provide a starting point to further investigate the evolution of the virus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Genome Sequence Analysis: Putative Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology, Single Gene versus Whole Genome Phylogeny and Genomic Evolution

Breteler

Haegeman

Krešić

et al. 2023

Viruses

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“…Unprecedentedly, the LSDV epidemiology in Eurasia was accompanied by the emergence of novel vaccine-like strains that cause homologous recombination between two vaccine strains, i.e., the commercial Neethling vaccine strain and Kenyan KSGP strain used in Lumpivax vaccine (KEVEVAPI) ( 14 , 15 ). The incidence of RVLS has been increasing in several countries, including China, Thailand, and Mongolia ( 16–18 ). In India and Bangladesh, LSDV outbreaks have been attributed to the KSGP strain lineage ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical infection caused by a recombinant vaccine-like strain poses high risks of lumpy skin disease virus transmission

Shumilova,

Prutnikov,

Mazloum

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a transboundary viral infection, affecting cattle with characteristic manifestations involving multiple body systems. A distinctive characteristic of lumpy skin disease is the subclinical disease manifestation wherein animals have viremia and shed the virus through nasal and ocular discharges, while exhibiting no nodules but enlarged lymph nodes that are easily oversighted by inexperienced vets. Further research on the role of subclinically ill animals in the transmission of LSD virus (LSDV) can contribute to the development of more effective tools to control the disease worldwide. Thus, this study aims to determine the potential role of subclinical infection in virus transmission in a non-vector-borne manner. To achieve this, we inoculated animals with the recombinant vaccine-like strain (RVLS) Udmurtiya/2019 to cause clinical and subclinical LSDV infection. After the disease manifestation, we relocated the subclinically ill animals to a new clean facility followed by the introduction of another five animals to determine the role of RVLS-induced subclinical infection in the virus transmission via direct/indirect contact. After the introduction of the naïve animals to the relocated subclinically ill ones in a shared airspace, two introduced animals contracted the virus (clinically and subclinically), showing symptoms of fever, viremia, and seroconversion in one animal, while three other introduced animals remained healthy and PCR-negative until the end of the study. In general, the findings of this study suggest the importance of considering LSDV subclinical infection as a high-risk condition in disease management and outbreak investigations.

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“…The LSD infected countries are relying on vaccines prepared by live and attenuated viruses for immunization. There are many genetically modified strains of LSDV were attenuated for vaccine preparation and designing including LSDV Neethling, LSDV-WB005KO and KSGP O-240 were used as prevention and control of LSDV (Li et al, 2022).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Fast Growing Transboundary Disease in Many Countries of Different Continents Including Pakistan

Javed,

Ali,

Farooq

et al. 2023

JIS

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The lumpy skin disease is a viral infection in which many nodules are appeared on skin and other parts of body in animals. This virus, lump skin disease virus (LSDV) belongs to capripox virus genus is the main cause of lumpy skin disease (LSD). It is an acute or sub-acute systemic viral disorder of buffalo and cattle. It is recently discovered disease of cattle which is putting a negative impact on economy of dairy industry in Asia. The rounded Nodules on skin is the early symptom of LSD in clinical investigation. The nodules in the mucous membranes of nose and mouth, subcutaneous edema, emaciation, and exaggerated lymphadenopathy are additional clinical symptoms of this disease. Mortality rates is about 3 % in endemic regions of Asia while the morbidity is upto10%. The LSDV is transmitted through the entry of blood from outsource by biting of arthropods including mosquitoes and flies from infected animal to healthy one. To control the dispersal of LSDV, infected animals should be quarantined, restricted its movement and place them in a place of no entry of vectors, arthropods. The recent review investigated new knowledge on several facets of the disorder, including its distribution, transmission, origin, pathophysiology, host vulnerability, diagnosis, preventiand therapeutic approaches. Lumpy skin disease virus belongs to Poxviridae family and genus, Capripoxvirus. It cause acute to fatal infection in cattle. Lumpy skin disease results in loss of weight, infertility, abortion in cows and reduction in milk production. In this way this disease has a serious threat to economy of Middle East, European and African countries due to loss of meat and dairy products. LSD is becoming a global threat mainly in region of Middle East and Europe due to trading patterns and climate change as well. LSDV is spreading from one to another through vectors like flies and insects which bite these infected animal and suck blood from their skin and transfer the causative agent from infected animals to healthy one. There are number of factors upon which the spreading of LSDV depends including, environment, humidity, temperature and regions where vectors of its dispersal are more. This disease is spreading at its high at the end of summer season when there is more humidity in air and autumn. Its control is done by vaccination and quarantine of infected animal to prevent its contact with the healthy animals.

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Genetic analysis of genome sequence characteristics of two lumpy skin disease viruses isolated from China

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Genome Sequence Analysis: Putative Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology, Single Gene versus Whole Genome Phylogeny and Genomic Evolution

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Genome Sequence Analysis: Putative Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology, Single Gene versus Whole Genome Phylogeny and Genomic Evolution

Subclinical infection caused by a recombinant vaccine-like strain poses high risks of lumpy skin disease virus transmission

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Fast Growing Transboundary Disease in Many Countries of Different Continents Including Pakistan

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