Genetic analysis of antibiotic-resistance determinants in multidrug-resistant <i>Shigella</i> strains isolated from Chilean children

Toro, Carlos A.; Farfán, Mauricio J.; Contreras, Inés; Flores, Oriana; Navarro, Nicolás Alejandro Guillén; Mora, Gabriela; Prado, Valeria

doi:10.1017/s0950268804003048

Cited by 72 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…All Shigella species also exhibited a very high rate of resistance (80%-90%) to older generation antimicrobials such as NAL, TET, AMP, and SXT. Although a similar pattern of resistance has been reported in our region and in other Asian countries [4,16,17], the frequency of resistance reported here is higher than frequencies observed earlier, and the trend to MDR is more pronounced [3,4]. Cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were two popular empirical options to treat severe gastrointestinal infections caused by pathogenic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Any of four species of Shigella (S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei) can cause shigellosis. S. sonnei and S. boydii, associated with mild illness of short duration, most often occur in developed countries; S. flexneri is the most prevalent species in developing countries, and S. dysenteriae is known to cause sporadic outbreaks and epidemics worldwide, with severe complications and very high mortality [1][2][3]. In China, Shigella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An eight-year study of Shigella species in Beijing, China: serodiversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella spp. in Beijing, China, from 2004 to 2011. Methodology: Real-time PCR assays were used to detect virulent genes, and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial resistance. Results: Among the total of 1,652 Shigella isolates, S. sonnei (57.1%) was the predominant species, followed by S. flexneri (42.3%), S. dysenteriae (0.4%), and S. boydii (0.2%). Nineteen serotypes were discovered among S. flexneri strains. The virulence gene ipaH was the most frequent, followed by sen and set. The presence of set showed significant difference in two dominant serogroups, S. flexneri and S. sonnei. Over 90% of Shigella isolates showed resistance to at least three drugs with widened spectrum. High-level antimicrobial resistance to single and multiple antibiotics was more common among S. sonnei than S. flexneri. Conclusion: There was an obvious serotype change and a dramatic increase of antibiotic resistance in Shigella prevalence in Beijing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An eight-year study of Shigella species in Beijing, China: serodiversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Primer pairs shown in Table 1 were used to detect antibiotic resistance genes, including aadA1 (streptomycin resistance), aac(3)-IV (gentamycin resistance), sul1 (sulfonamide resistance), blaSHV and CITM (beta-lactam resistance), cat1 and cmlA (chloramphenicol resistance), tet(A) [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Molecular Typing and Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance and Carriage Integron Classes in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Isfahan Hospitals, Iran

Nourbakhsh

Rajai

Momtaz

2017

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant nosocomial pathogen around the world, especially in the intensive care unit that most A. baumannii infections are caused by the outbreak strains. Objectives: This study has been performed in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, aimed to detect integron classes I, II, III and molecular typing of A. baumannii genes. Methods: In this Cross-sectional study, Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from 150 patients in Isfahan hospitals then antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer). The presence of genes coding in antibiotic resistance and integrons class I, II, III were analyzed by using of M-PCR method. The data were analyzed by Chi-square, Fischer's test and SPSS statistical software version 16. Results: Antibiotic resistance pattern for Acinetobacter baumannii show that the high resistance was for ciprofloxacin with frequency of 98.3%, ceftazidime with 89.4%, and tetracycline with frequency of 87.3%. The most sensitive antibiotics were chloramphenicol, and nitrofurantoin with frequency of 3.5% and 3.2% resistance. The detection of dfrA1 (63.7%), sul1 (68.6%), aac (3)-IV (54.4%), tet (B) (22.4%), tet (A) (78.3%), aadA1 (15.4%), CITM (17. %), vim (12.2%), Qnr (17.1%), blaSHV (19.8%), sim (7.8%), Oxa-24-like (13.2%), Oxa-51-like (11.9%), Oxa-58-like (39.4%), Oxa-23-like (12.6%), imp (9.2%), cmlA (19%) and cat1 (8.6%) were respectively reported too. Also in this study Frequency of integrons class 1, 2, 3 were (100%), (28%), (6.6%) respectively. Conclusions: High prevalence of integrons among Acinetobater baumannii isolated from Isfahan hospitals indicate the importance role of integron classes in multidrug resistance. Considering the increasing pattern of MDR infections is one of the important issues of treatment which can be effective strategy for curing.

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“…List of primers used for detection of the virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance genes are shown in Table 1 (4,5,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Table 2 presents PCR conditions.…”

Section: Detection Of Upec Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

et al. 2014

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Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases in childhood. The Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains account for as much as 80% of UTIs. Objective: From a clinical perspective, it is important to know which virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties are present in UPEC strains in pediatrics. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of UPEC strains isolated from hospitalized patients in pediatric ward of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twenty-one urine specimens were collected from the patients infected with UTIs (51 boys and 70 girls). The urine samples were cultured immediately, and those with E. coli-positive were analyzed for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial virulence factors using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Also, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion methodology with Mueller-Hinton agar according to the instruction of Clinical Laboratory and Standard Institute. Results: Nineteen out of 51 (37.25%) urine samples from boys and 47 out of 70 (67.14%) urine samples from girls harbored E. coli. A significant difference was found between the frequency of UPEC strains in boys and girls (P <.05). High resistance levels to tetracycline (69.6%), ampicillin (69.6%) and norfloxacin (63.6%) were also observed. Totally, 1.66% of tested strains were resistant to more than 8 antibiotics. The incidence of genes encoding resistance against gentamicin (aac (3)-IV), sulfonamide (sul1), beta-lactams (blaSHV and CITM), tetracycline (tetA and tetB), trimethoprim (dfrA1), and quinolones (qnr) were 25. 7%, 22.7%, 83.2%, 71.1%, 19.6% and 21.2%, respectively. The most commonly detected virulence factors were fim (71.2%), set-1 (66.6%), iha (62.1), papGI (59%), usp (56%) and sen (22.7%). Conclusion: Resistant strains of uropathogenic E. coli had the lower incidence of uropathogenic virulence factors. We suggested prescription of imipenem and amikacin to treat pediatric patients infected with UTIs.

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Genetic analysis of antibiotic-resistance determinants in multidrug-resistant Shigella strains isolated from Chilean children

Cited by 72 publications

References 13 publications

An eight-year study of Shigella species in Beijing, China: serodiversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance

An eight-year study of Shigella species in Beijing, China: serodiversity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance

Antibiotic Resistance and Carriage Integron Classes in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Isfahan Hospitals, Iran

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

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