Genetic Analysis of a Novel H16N3 Virus Isolated from a Migratory Gull in China in 2021 and Animal Studies of Infection

Abstract

Migratory wild birds are natural reservoirs of H16 viruses and play a key role in the global prevalence of these viruses. Here, we found that H16 viruses predominantly circulate in migratory gulls and that the gull H16N3 virus cannot replicate efficiently in chickens, ducks, or mice without prior adaptation. These findings contribute to our understanding of the ecology, evolution, and biological properties of H16 viruses and will guide avian influenza surveillance in birds.

Ecological and Genetic Landscapes of Global H12 Avian Influenza Viruses and Biological Characteristics of an H12N5 Virus Isolated from Wild Ducks in Eastern China

“…The YRD wetland located in Eastern China is an important habitat for migratory birds on the East Asian-Australasian (EAA) flyway. We have identified 28 subtypes of AIVs in wild birds in YRD wetland from 2017 to 2022, as shown in our previous studies [8,9,[30][31][32][33][34][35]. In this study, we fully uncovered the ecology and evolutionary dynamics of the globally identified H12 viruses.…”

Continuous surveillance of pathogens detects excretion of avian orthoreovirus and parvovirus by several wild waterfowl: possible wild bird reservoirs

“…It has been confirmed that wild birds are closely related to the occurrence and spread of various poultry infectious diseases, including avian influenza and Newcastle disease ( Ziedler and Hlinak, 1992 ; Rahman et al, 2018 ; Verhagen et al, 2021 ; Graziosi et al, 2022 ). Migratory wild birds have played a crucial role in the extensive geographical dissemination of avian influenza, with multiple outbreaks being closely associated with viruses carried by these migratory species ( Bi et al, 2015 ; Krauss et al, 2015 ; Li et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2022 ; Zhao et al, 2022 ). The highly pathogenic H5N1, H5N6 and H5N8 viruses carried by migratory birds have caused multiple epidemics in Eurasia and North America ( Lee et al, 2015 ).…”