Genetic algorithms applications in load frequency control

Load Frequency Control (LFC) is one the most important issues in electrical power system design/operation and is becoming much more significant recently with increasing size, changing structure and complexity in interconnected power systems. In practice LFC systems use simple Proportional-Integral (PI) or Integral (I) controllers. However, since the PI or I control parameters are usually tuned based on classical or trial-and-error approaches, they are incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for various load changes scenarios in multi-area power system. For this reason, in this study the PI and I control parameters are tuned based on Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) algorithm method for LFC control in two-area power system. Because HPSO is an optimization method, therefore, in the uncertainty area of controller parameters, finds the best parameters for controller and obtained controller is an optimal controller. A two-area power system example is given to illustrate proposed methods. To show effectiveness of proposed method and compare the performance of optimized PI and I type controllers, several time-domain simulation for various load changes scenarios are presented. Simulation results emphasis on the better performance of optimized PI controller in compared to optimized I controller in LFC.

show abstract

“…The structure of system with PI controller is shown in Fig. 2 [26,29] . The area control error (ACE) for the i th area is defined as: …”

Section: Controller Design Using Hpso Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Decentralized Load Frequency Control Using HPSO Algorithms in Deregulated Power Systems

Taher¹,

Hematti²,

Abdolalipour³

et al. 2008

American J. of Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are different criteria employed in these papers to evaluate effectiveness of the enhanced controllers. Some papers have working an Integral of Absolute Error of system response to a step demand change [11][12], and some others have used an Integral of Square Error to the same disturbance [11]. Integral of Time Multiplied Square Error [12] and Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error are other criteria implemented in published papers.…”

Section: Iintroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to have smallest settling time and extreme damping capability, the ITAE would be a suitable criterion as long as these conditions by weighting error over time duration [12]. In addition, an Area Control Error (ACE) is definite and designed in accordance with the similar area feedback.…”

Section: Iintroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some papers have working an Integral of Absolute Error of system response to a step demand change [11][12], and some others have used an Integral of Square Error to the same disturbance [11]. Integral of Time Multiplied Square Error [12] and Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error are other criteria implemented in published papers.In this paper, a new method is labeled to resolve AGC problem of an interconnected two-area non-linear power system by dropping the system frequency deviances. In order to over whelmed the non-convex non-linear nature of the AGC problem, a enhanced harmony search algorithm (HSA) is employed to solve the problem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integral of Time Multiplied Square Error [12] and Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error are other criteria implemented in published papers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Load Frequency Control of a Two-Area Power System Using FOPID with Harmony Search Algorithm

Kiran¹,

Amani²

2017

Nctet-2k17

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT--This paper presents an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system in a two-area power system with a fractional order PID (FOPID) controller. In the proposed method, a newly developed harmony search algorithm is implemented to solve the non-convex non-linear problem of AGC. The fractional order PID controller will improve the system stability and improve the robustness of the controlled system. The proposed FOPID controller also has a smaller number of parameters to tune than its existing counterparts. In order to show efficiency of the proposed approach, the response of HSA-Optimized system to disturbances is compared with the results of GA-Optimized system. The cost function of the proposed problem is considered based on Integral of Time Multiplied Square Error (ITSE). In order to improve the system performance, frequency bias factor (FBF) is modeled in the problem and the proposed method is implemented in a non-linear interconnected two area power system. Simulation results verified that employing the proposed approach in optimization process of control system would guarantee a better system performance comparing to other methods. Keywords-Integral of Time Multiplied Square Error;Harmony Search Algorithm; two-area nonlinear power system; Load-Frequency Control. I.INTRODUCTIONDay to day the load demand is growing at very high rate. Due to surplus demand of electricity with increase in population and industrialization, the power generation with conventional sources was a great challenge to the generation stations to fulfill the demands. So, modern human societies have increased the significance of optimum Automatic Generation Control (AGC). By overlooking a well-designed AGC, the electric power system will face a lot of complicated difficulties. In other words, in an optimal operation of power system, it is indispensable that frequency deviations must maintain in allowable limits by a welldesigned AGC [1].Many papers have been published on the AGC problem considering a linear model. In [2], AGC is employed by utilizing linear feedback. Optimal control and neural network-based controller are some other methods employed in the AGC of a linear power system [3]. Additionally, some extra papers have been published on controlling non-linear model of the governor, generator and power system [5][6][7]. These methods are significantly time-inefficient in the AGC of power system.Regardless of all the developments in control methods, fractional order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (FOPID) controllers are still the most common type of controllers in industries. Therefore, it is sensible that a lot of papers have been published in these years on adjusting FOPID controller parameters using optimization algorithms [8][9][10]. There are different criteria employed in these papers to evaluate effectiveness of the enhanced controllers. Some papers have working an Integral of Absolute Error of system response to a step demand change [11][12], and some others have used an Integral of Square Error to the same disturbance ...

show abstract

Design and performance analysis of elephant herding optimization based controller for load frequency control in thermal interconnected power system

Dewangan

Prakash

Singh

2020

Optim Control Appl Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryIn this present contribution, an attempt has been taken to design and analyze the performance of elephant herding optimization (EHO) based controller for load frequency control (LFC) applications of interconnected power system. The studied system is a two‐area nonreheat thermal interconnected system which is widely used in literature. A proportional‐integral‐differential controller is utilized for LFC of the studied system. EHO technique is applied to obtain the tuned set of controller parameters. The objectives considered for design of the controller are the minimization of settling times and integral‐time‐multiplied‐absolute‐error of frequency deviations (FDs) and tie‐line power deviation (TPD). The design objectives are integrated together to form a function with single objective by assigning equal weights after normalization. Several test cases of diverse set of disturbances are taken into account to test the performance of the proposed controller and the obtained results are compared with other controllers designed with differential evolution, gray wolf optimization, particle swarm optimization, teacher‐learner‐based optimization, and whale optimization algorithm. Furthermore, the time‐domain simulations of FDs and TPD are illustrated to support the tabulated results. In addition, comparative statistical analysis is presented to validate the robust behavior of the proposed controller.

show abstract

Genetic algorithms applications in load frequency control

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Optimal Decentralized Load Frequency Control Using HPSO Algorithms in Deregulated Power Systems

Optimal Decentralized Load Frequency Control Using HPSO Algorithms in Deregulated Power Systems

Load Frequency Control of a Two-Area Power System Using FOPID with Harmony Search Algorithm

Design and performance analysis of elephant herding optimization based controller for load frequency control in thermal interconnected power system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About