Genesis of visible gold in pyrite in the Zhaoxian gold deposit, Jiaodong gold province, China: Constraints from EBSD micro-structural and LA-ICP-MS elemental analyses

Li, Qi; Song, Hao; Chi, Guoxiang; Zhang, Gangyang; Xu, Zhengqi

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104591

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Trace elements within the sul de phases can be incorporated as solid solution, nano particles, or as visible micro-inclusions [36][37][38][39] . Siderophile and chalcophile elements like, Co, Ni, As, Se, and Te are commonly incorporated within the pyrite crystal by isomorphous replacement of Fe and S or by nanoinclusions 29,37 .…”

Section: Trace Elemental Distribution In Pyritementioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Genesis of sulfide hosted invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone of Korivipalle area, Cuddapah Supergroup, southern India.

Behera,

Singh,

Srivast

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In this work, the Vempalle dolostone hosted auriferous sulfides are studied to understand the genesis of the invisible gold mineralization in and around Korivipalle area, Cuddapah Basin, southern India. A detailed petrographic examination, scanning electron microscopic study and microprobe data, reveals the presence of various sulfide phases i.e. pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena. Textural characteristics of pyrites indicate two types of pyrite generations i.e. sedimentary pyrite (Py1) and hydrothermal pyrite (Py2). The Co/ Ni values of Py1 & Py2 varying from 0.1 to 0.82 and 2.29 to 12.98 support the sedimentary and hydrothermal origins of pyrites, respectively. The Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometric study on both generations of pyrite suggests the occurrence of invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone in solid solution as well as nano-inclusions. The precipitation of pyrite grains along the oolitic grain boundary suggests the prevailing redox environment. The reducing environment is further aided by the stromatolitic association within the dolostone. The present work is the first report on the sulfide hosted invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone of Korivipalle area of Cuddapah Supergroup in Southern India.

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Section: Trace Elemental Distribution In Pyritementioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Genesis of sulfide hosted invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone of Korivipalle area, Cuddapah Supergroup, southern India.

Behera,

Singh,

Srivast

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The fault has a considerable width ranging from 160 m to 500 m and has a slightly undulating shape. Simplified geological map of the Jiaojia gold belt and the extent of the Zhaoxian gold deposit (modified after Li et al, 2021).…”

Section: Basic Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This presents an exceptional opportunity to gather comprehensive information on deep mineralization and gain insights into the deepforming mechanism of the Jiaojia gold belt. Previous studies in the Zhaoxian gold deposit have involved micro region analysis, in-situ pyrite analysis (Li et al, 2021;Xu et al, 2022), a threedimensional metallogenic prospecting model (Li et al, 2022), as well as investigations on fluid inclusion at depths ranging from 2,146 to 2,038 m below sea level (Li et al, 2023). However, further investigations are necessary to examine the properties of oreforming fluids and elucidate the sources of sulfur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of deep ore-forming fluid in the Zhaoxian gold deposit within the Jiaodong gold province: insights from quartz vein fluid inclusion, in-situ trace element analysis, and S isotopic composition in pyrite

Zhang,

Zeng,

Fan

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Jiaodong gold province, situated in the southeastern margin of the North China Craton, is globally renowned for its substantial gold reserves exceeding 5,000 tonnes. The Zhaoxian gold deposit is part of the significant Jiaojia gold belt within the Jiaodong gold province. Fieldwork has identified four distinct stages of ore formation in this study: an early barren quartz vein stage (Stage 1) containing fine-grained pyrite; a gold-bearing stage (Stage 2) consisting of quartz, pyrite, and native gold; a polymetallic sulfide-rich stage (Stage 3) comprising quartz, polymetallic sulfides, and native gold; and a late-stage (Stage 4) primarily composed of quartz and calcite with minimal pyrite content. We conducted fluid inclusion analysis using microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy techniques to examine the fluid characteristics. In-situ analysis of trace elements in pyrite was performed to investigate the fluid composition and evolution. Additionally, we determined the sulfur isotope composition in pyrite to analyze the source of sulfur. Our findings indicate that the ore-forming fluid in the Zhaoxian gold deposit belongs to a medium-to-low-salinity H₂O-NaCl-CO₂-CH₄ system. Fluctuations in Au and As concentrations observed along with oscillating zones and sulfide inclusions during Stage 2 suggest potential fluid boiling processes occurring during mineralization. High concentrations of Ag, Cu, Zn, Cd, In, Pb, and Bi without oscillating zones during Stage 3 imply precipitation of polymetallic sulfides under stable fluid conditions. The δ34S values observed in the Zhaoxian gold deposit are slightly higher than those found in granitoids from other areas within Jiaodong but similar to those seen in other deposits within the Jiaojia gold belt region. In conclusion, magmatic-hydrothermal ore-forming fluids were involved along with significant fluid-rock interaction during metallogenic processes of the Zhaoxian gold deposit.

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“…The recognition of ductile deformation at Olympic Dam is novel for IOCG deposits and would require temperatures above ~260 • C [13], more typical of orogenic gold [6,20,21] or metamorphosed massive sulfide deposits [4,5,10]. At Olympic Dam, the primary Woodall fault of the Discovery Fault Series records >2.5-3 km of normal displacement, with later superimposed faults preserving 1 km of sinistral strike slip and an undetermined oblique aspect [49].…”

Section: Were All Microstructures Obliterated By Coupled Dissolution ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is sufficiently refractory to allow the preservation of microstructures that are typically erased in more ductile ore minerals, meaning it can be used to fingerprint sequential stages in the deformational history of a mineral deposit [1]. Pyrite is therefore a valuable indicator of deformation in sulfide ore deposits [2], and it has been widely used to characterise metamorphosed ores and successfully constrain the impact of regional metamorphism and associated deformation on mineralization [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Microstructural EBSD and LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Mapping of Pyrite Constrains the Deformation History of Breccia-Hosted IOCG Ore Systems

King,

Cook,

Ciobanu

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) methods are used to investigate the presence of microstructures in pyrite from the giant breccia-hosted Olympic Dam iron–oxide copper gold (IOCG) deposit, South Australia. Results include the first evidence for ductile deformation in pyrite from a brecciated deposit. Two stages of ductile behavior are observed, although extensive replacement and recrystallization driven by coupled dissolution–reprecipitation reaction have prevented widespread preservation of the earlier event. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) element maps of pyrite confirm that many pyrite grains display compositional zoning with respect to As, Co, and Ni, but that the zoning is often irregular, patchy, or otherwise disrupted and are readily correlated with observed microstructures. The formation of ductile microstructures in pyrite requires temperatures above ~260 °C, which could potentially be related to heat from radioactive decay and fault displacements during tectonothermal events. Coupling EBSD methods with LA-ICP-MS element mapping allows a comprehensive characterization of pyrite textures and microstructures that are otherwise invisible to conventional reflected light or BSE imaging. Beyond providing new insights into ore genesis and superimposed events, the two techniques enable a detailed understanding of the grain-scale distribution of minor elements. Such information is pivotal for efforts intended to develop new ways to recover value components (precious and critical metals), as well as remove deleterious components of the ore using low-energy, low-waste ore processing methods.

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Genesis of visible gold in pyrite in the Zhaoxian gold deposit, Jiaodong gold province, China: Constraints from EBSD micro-structural and LA-ICP-MS elemental analyses

Cited by 21 publications

References 81 publications

RETRACTED: Genesis of sulfide hosted invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone of Korivipalle area, Cuddapah Supergroup, southern India.

RETRACTED: Genesis of sulfide hosted invisible gold mineralization within the Vempalle dolostone of Korivipalle area, Cuddapah Supergroup, southern India.

Characterization of deep ore-forming fluid in the Zhaoxian gold deposit within the Jiaodong gold province: insights from quartz vein fluid inclusion, in-situ trace element analysis, and S isotopic composition in pyrite

Coupled Microstructural EBSD and LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Mapping of Pyrite Constrains the Deformation History of Breccia-Hosted IOCG Ore Systems

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