1999
DOI: 10.1174/02109399960256720
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Génesis de la conciencia racial: un estudio sobre identificación y actitudes hacia el color de piel en niños de tres a once años

Abstract: En este artículo exponemos un estudio con 504 niños españoles de 3 a 11 años cuyo objetivo ha sido identificar las primeras manifestaciones de conciencia étnico-racial y su desarrollo en la infancia, un problema abordado por multitud de investigadores en diversos países, desde décadas atrás (Aboud, 1988, Milner, 1984, pero nuevo en el nuestro. Abordamos el estudio con un enfoque metodológico relativamente diferente de los clásicos. Diseñamos una entrevista semiestructurada con material pictórico y preguntas pa… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…In the Spanish context, studies on the development of prejudice along childhood, though still scarce, have provided valuable evidence about singularities of Spanish children’s development of prejudice. For instance, whereas children from traditional multi-ethnic societies categorize people on the basis of race at 3–4 years old (Holmes, 1995), Enesco et al (1999) found that Spanish children were not consistently able to use skin color as a classification criterion until 7 years old. However, more recently it has been suggested that Spanish children categorize people according to skin color earlier in the development, at around age 6 (Enesco et al, 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In the Spanish context, studies on the development of prejudice along childhood, though still scarce, have provided valuable evidence about singularities of Spanish children’s development of prejudice. For instance, whereas children from traditional multi-ethnic societies categorize people on the basis of race at 3–4 years old (Holmes, 1995), Enesco et al (1999) found that Spanish children were not consistently able to use skin color as a classification criterion until 7 years old. However, more recently it has been suggested that Spanish children categorize people according to skin color earlier in the development, at around age 6 (Enesco et al, 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Concerning developmental changes in prejudice, there is evidence indicating some differences between the developmental course of Spanish children and children who grow up in societies that more ethnically diverse for longer time. The first studies carried out in the 90’s showed that whereas children from traditional multi-ethnic societies unfold abilities to categorize people on the basis of race when they are 3–4 years old (Holmes, 1995), it is only at age 7 when Spanish children consistently show ability to classify people according to the skin color (Enesco et al, 1999). Studies that account for changes in prejudice and have been carried out in traditionally multi-ethnic countries have found a significant counter-bias increase between preschoolers and third-graders, as well as no changes in prejudice (e.g., Doyle and Aboud, 1995).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hacia los 5 años, algunos niños empezaban a fijarse en esta característica y a nombrarla, usando términos convencionales (es una niña negra) o idiosincrásicos (tiene la piel "rosita"; "marrón oscuro"). Sin embargo, a la hora de organizar las figuras en grupos, casi nunca usaban el color de piel como criterio de clasificación y, hasta los 6 años, varios niños seguían cometiendo errores al identificar su grupo de pertenencia en términos de color de piel (Enesco et al, 1999).…”
Section: El Principio: Construir La Categoríaunclassified
“…Los niños adquieren bastante pronto ese conocimiento, y lo hacen mediante mecanismos sutiles que van mucho más allá de la información explícita (y que los psicólogos estamos aún lejos de conocer en detalle). En el caso de los niños españoles, en diversos estudios se ha visto que, entre los 5 y 8 años, desarrollan rápidamente un sentido de pertenencia al grupo dominante, al que atribuyen rasgos positivos (Enesco et al, 1999;Enesco et al, 2005;Giménez, 1999), lo que refuerza la satisfacción de pertenecer a él.…”
Section: La Identidad: ¿Quién Soy?unclassified