Genesis and Mineralogical Characteristics

Arnalds, Olafur

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9621-7_9

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These high concentrations stand in contrast to the typically low concentration (2-5 %) found in desert Vitrisol (Arnalds, 2015d). The high ferrihydrite contents at Barren Land can be attributed to subsurface horizons (Arnalds, 2015d). Based on these findings, our results indicate that the soils tested as part of the present study are pedogenetically developed.…”

Section: Physical Chemical and Morphological Characteristics Of The contrasting

confidence: 42%

“…This is highlighted by their high clay contents, which comprises a mixture of allophane and ferrihydrite minerals, both of which were found at Barren Land and Grass 50 sites (Table 2). These high concentrations stand in contrast to the typically low concentration (2-5 %) found in desert Vitrisol (Arnalds, 2015d). The high ferrihydrite contents at Barren Land can be attributed to subsurface horizons (Arnalds, 2015d).…”

Section: Physical Chemical and Morphological Characteristics Of The mentioning

confidence: 66%

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Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in South Iceland after birch afforestation

Hunziker¹,

Kuhn²

2018

Preprint

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Section: Physical Chemical and Morphological Characteristics Of The contrasting

confidence: 42%

Section: Physical Chemical and Morphological Characteristics Of The mentioning

confidence: 66%

Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in South Iceland after birch afforestation

Hunziker¹,

Kuhn²

2018

Preprint

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“…At Barren Land, we found the highest concentrations of allophane and ferrihydrite clay minerals (Table 2). These high concentrations stand in contrast to the typically low concentration (2 %-5 %) found in desert Vitrisols (Arnalds, 2015d). Lilienfein et al (2003) found an increase in allophane and ferrihydrite concentrations with increasing age of mudflow soils at Mt Shasta.…”

Section: Physical Chemical and Morphological Characteristics Of The mentioning

confidence: 78%

Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in southern Iceland after birch afforestation

Hunziker

Kuhn

2019

SOIL

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Abstract. Afforestation is a strategy to sequester atmospheric carbon in the terrestrial system and to enhance ecosystem services. Iceland's large areas of formerly vegetated and now degraded ecosystems therefore have a high potential to act as carbon sinks. Consequently, the ecological restoration of these landscape systems is part of climate mitigation programmes supported by the Icelandic government. The aim of this study was to explore the change in the soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and to estimate the SOC sequestration potential during the re-establishment of birch forest on severely degraded land. Differently aged afforested mountain birch sites (15, 20, 25 and 50 years) were compared to sites of severely degraded land, naturally growing remnants of mountain birch woodland and grasslands which were re-vegetated using fertilizer and grass seeds 50 years ago. The soil was sampled to estimate the SOC stocks and for physical fractionation to characterize the quality of the SOC. The results of our study show that the severely degraded soils can potentially sequester an additional 20 t C ha−1 (0–30 cm) to reach the SOC stock of naturally growing birch woodlands. After 50 years of birch growth, the SOC stock is significantly lower than that of a naturally growing birch woodland, suggesting that afforested stands could sequester additional SOC beyond 50 years of growth. The SOC fractionation revealed that at all the tested sites most of the carbon was stored in the <63 µm fraction. However, after 50 years of birch growth on severely degraded soils the particulate organic matter (POM) fraction was significantly enriched most (+12 t POM-C ha−1) in the top 30 cm. The study also found a doubling of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration after 50 years of birch growth. Therefore and due to the absence of any increase in the tested mineral-associated SOC fractions, we assume that the afforestation process evokes a carbon deposition in the labile SOC pools. Consequently, parts of this plant-derived, labile SOC may be partly released into the atmosphere during the process of stabilization with the mineral soil phases in the future. Our results are limited in their scope since the selected sites do not fully reflect the heterogeneity of landscape evolution and the range of soil degradation conditions. As an alternative, we suggest using repeated plot measurements instead of space-for-time substitution approaches for testing C changes in severely degraded volcanic soils. Our findings clearly show that detailed measurements on the SOC quality are needed to estimate the SOC sequestration potential of restoration activities on severely degraded volcanic soils, rather than only measuring SOC concentration and SOC stocks.

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Genesis and Mineralogical Characteristics

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in South Iceland after birch afforestation

Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in South Iceland after birch afforestation

Evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in southern Iceland after birch afforestation

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