Genes Responsible in The Shape and Size of Solanaceae Fruits

Abstract

Fruit shape and size in Solanaceae family plays an important role in the determining the economic value and agronomic traits of the crop. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the genetic regulation of some Solanaceae fruit morphology, focusing on the role of CLAVATA1 (CLV1), OVATE family protein (OFP), SUN family gene (SUN), locule number (LC), and fasciated (FAS) genes. The aim of this article is to explore previous studies that reveal how the complex interactions between these genes regulate fruit shape. The SUN and OVATE genes have important roles in regulating fruit elongation, with the SUN gene affecting longitudinal and transverse cell growth, while mutations in the OVATE gene change the fruit shape from round to pear. In addition, the FAS and LC genes contribute to increasing the number of loci in the fruit, while the CLAVATA1 gene controls fruit size by regulating stem cell activity. This review paper provides a deep insight into the current understanding of the genes that regulate fruit shape and presents them in the context of current research. It is hoped that this article will provide a strong foundation for future research to improve the quality and productivity of tomato plants.